Habitat ecology of Nearctic-Neotropical migratory landbirds on the nonbreeding grounds
Habitat ecology of Nearctic-Neotropical migratory landbirds on the nonbreeding grounds
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/condor/duaa055
复制
发表时间：
2020-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Ruiz-Sanchez, Angelina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albert, Steven;Wolfe, Jared D.;Ruiz-Sanchez, Angelina
在北美繁殖的大约716种鸟类中，386种（54%）被美国鱼类和野生动物管理局认为是近北极-新热带候鸟。在过去的50年里，这些迁徙物种的数量急剧减少，包括一些曾经被认为是常见的物种。近北极-新热带候鸟通常在热带栖息地停留6-8个月，这使得新热带栖息地的识别、利用和管理成为其保护的关键问题。然而，对于大多数物种来说，关于它们对热带栖息地的利用以及繁殖和越冬条件对生存、生产力和种群趋势的相对影响的完整和细致的信息是不可获得的，尽管许多研究指出，新热带越冬栖息地是种群变化的强大驱动力。当越冬地和热带中途停留地的条件影响到随后在繁殖地的繁殖表现时，了解“携带效应”是如何产生并影响人口趋势的，这对远距离近北极-新热带迁徙者尤为重要。例如，为什么有些物种从热带栖息地表现出强烈的携带效应，而另一些则没有，这一点还没有完全弄清楚。近年来，许多研究利用新的科学方法和技术创新为这些问题提供了见解。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了迁徙到新热带地区的北美繁殖鸟所面临的威胁，总结了栖息地选择和越冬地利用的知识，描述了一年周期中某一点的条件如何在随后的季节或生活史阶段表现出来，并讨论了保护问题，如气候变化和物候不匹配的可能性。
Of the approximately 716 bird species that breed in North America, 386 (54%) are considered Nearctic-Neotropical migrants by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. In the past 50 yr, scores of these migratory species, including some once considered common, have declined dramatically. Nearctic-Neotropical migrants normally spend 6-8 months in tropical habitats, making the identification, availability, and management of Neotropical habitats critical issues for their conservation. Yet, for most species, complete and nuanced information about their use of tropical habitats and the relative effects of breeding vs. wintering conditions on survival, productivity, and population trends is not available, though many studies point to Neotropical overwintering habitats as being a strong driver of population change. Particularly important for long-distance Nearctic-Neotropical migrants is an understanding of how"carry-over effects" arise and influence population trends when conditions on wintering grounds and tropical stopover areas affect subsequent reproductive performance on breeding grounds. For example, why some species show strong carry-over effects from tropical habitats while others do not is not fully understood. I n recent years, many studies have offered insights into these issues by taking advantage of new scientific methods and technological innovations. In this review, we explore threats facing North American breeding birds that migrate to the Neotropics, summarize knowledge of habitat selection and use on the wintering grounds, describe how conditions at one point in the annual cycle may manifest in subsequent seasons or life history stages, and discuss conservation concerns such as climate change and the potential for phenological mismatch.