Characteristics Analysis Reveals the Progress of Volvariella volvacea Mycelium Subculture Degeneration
Characteristics Analysis Reveals the Progress of Volvariella volvacea Mycelium Subculture Degeneration
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特性分析揭示草菇菌丝体继代退化的进展
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2019.02045
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发表时间：
2019-09-03
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Zhao, Fengyun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Xiao;Zhang, Zheng;Zhao, Fengyun
草菇是一种典型的耐高温食用菌。它具有很强的纤溶能力，消耗大量的农业废弃物。在农业栽培中，采用菌丝继代培养，导致菌株退化严重。本研究在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)上对草菇普通菌株V971(原始菌株记录为M0)进行了菌丝连续继代培养。该菌株每3个月(90天)保存一代，经过18个月的继代培养，获得6代退化菌株(M1-M6)。将原始菌株和退化菌株保存在室温(18-25℃)无菌石蜡液中。对M0和M1-M6的生物学特性和营养成分进行了研究。菌丝生长速率和生物量随退化进程先增大后减小，在M6达到最低值，分别为0.041±0.001 cm/h和1.82±0.25g。此外，菌株的多糖、蛋白质、多酚、黄酮类、总氨基酸和总矿质元素含量持续下降，在M6时分别降至最低水平，分别为30.12±3.12g/100g、26.42±2.1g/100g、1.08±0.05g/100g、4.23±0.21g/100g、12.51 mg/g和398.05 mg/kg。草菇在添加溴百里酚蓝和乳糖的液体培养基中的脱色能力反映了菌株的降解程度，且随着降解的加剧，脱色能力减弱。这些结果对草菇的生产具有重要意义。描述了草菇在继代培养过程中的菌丝特性，为草菇退化提供了一种早期鉴定方法。
Volvariella volvacea is a typical edible Basidiomycete with a high-temperature tolerance. It has a strong fibrinolysis capability and consumes abundant agricultural wastes. In agricultural cultivation, mycelial subculturing has been adopted, leading to serious strain degeneration. In this study, continuous mycelial subculturing of the common V. volvacea strain V971 (original strain recorded as M0) was performed in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. One generation of the strain was preserved every 3 months (90 days); thus, six generations of degenerated strains (M1–M6) were obtained after 18 months of mycelial subculturing. The original and degenerated strains were preserved in sterile paraffin liquid at room temperature (18–25°C). The biological traits and nutrients of M0 and M1–M6 were studied. The mycelial growth rate and biomass initially increased and then decreased as the degeneration progressed, reaching minimum levels of 0.041 ± 0.001 cm/h and 1.82 ± 0.25 g, respectively, at M6. Additionally, the polysaccharide, protein, polyphenol, flavone, total amino acid, and total mineral element contents of the strains decreased continuously, reaching minimum levels of 30.12 ± 3.12 g/100 g, 26.42 ± 2.1 g/100 g, 1.08 ± 0.05 g/100 g, 4.23 ± 0.21 g/100 g, 12.51 mg/g, and 398.05 mg/kg, respectively, at M6. The decolorization capability of V. volvacea in liquid medium supplemented with bromothymol blue and lactose reflected the degree of strain degeneration, with the capability weakening as the degeneration intensified. These results are highly significant for V. volvacea production. The mycelial characteristics during subculture-associated degeneration were described and provide an early identification method for V. volvacea’s degeneration.