Carbendazim resistance and dimethachlone sensitivity of field isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from oilseed rape in Henan Province, China
Carbendazim resistance and dimethachlone sensitivity of field isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from oilseed rape in Henan Province, China
复制标题
河南省油菜油菜菌核病菌对多菌灵的抗性及对二甲沙沙酮的敏感性
DOI：
10.1111/jph.12751
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Chen Genqiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu Shengming;Zhang Yong;Jiang Jia;Che Zhiping;Tian Yuee;Chen Genqiang
由油菜菌核病（Sclerotinia scleroicum）引起的油菜菌核病（Sclerotinia stem rot）是我国油菜产区的重要病害之一。为了确定油菜菌核病菌田间分离物对多菌灵和二甲草胺的抗性频率，2015年至2016年期间从河南省10个不同地区共获得556个菌株。对多菌灵具有高耐表型和中耐表型的菌株频率分别为69.2%和10.8%。然而，没有检测到对二甲嘧磺隆具有抗性的油菜菌核病菌菌株。菌核病菌对二甲草胺的基线敏感性呈单峰曲线分布，抑制菌丝生长的平均EC 50值为0.39 ± 0.09 μg ml− 1。从20个野生型菌株中获得了4个二甲achlone抗性突变体，这些菌株通过体外暴露于浓度增加的杀真菌剂诱导。突变体表现出高水平的抗二甲草胺，抗性因子范围从179到323。二甲草胺与腐霉利、异菌脲和咯菌腈之间存在阳性交叉耐药性;然而，未观察到多菌灵和啶酰菌胺的交叉耐药性。通过菌丝生长、菌丝干重、菌核数和干重以及致病性测定，二甲嘧磺隆抗性突变体的适合度显著低于野生型菌株。此外，基于渗透试验，施用不同浓度的NaCl对二甲achlone抗性突变体的菌丝生长的抑制显著高于其野生型亲本。
Sclerotinia stem rot caused bySclerotinia sclerotiorumis one of the most important diseases in oilseed rape‐growing areas of China. To determine the frequency of resistance of field isolates ofS. sclerotiorumto carbendazim and dimethachlone, a total of 556 isolates from 10 different regions of Henan Province were obtained between 2015 and 2016. The frequency of isolates with a high‐resistance phenotype and a moderate‐resistance phenotype to carbendazim was 69.2% and 10.8%, respectively. However,S. sclerotiorumisolates resistant to dimethachlone were not detected. The baseline sensitivity ofS. sclerotiorumto dimethachlone was distributed as a unimodal curve with a mean EC50value of 0.39 ± 0.09 μg ml−1for the inhibition of mycelial growth. Four dimethachlone‐resistant mutants were obtained from 20 wild‐type isolates induced by exposure to increasing concentrations of the fungicide in vitro. The mutants showed high levels of resistance to dimethachlone, with resistance factors that ranged from 179 to 323. Positive cross‐resistance occurred between dimethachlone and procymidone, iprodione, and fludioxonil; however, no cross‐resistance was observed for carbendazim and boscalid. The fitness of the dimethachlone‐resistant mutants was significantly lower than that of the wild‐type isolates, as measured by mycelial growth, hyphal dry weight, sclerotium number and dry weight, and pathogenicity. Additionally, based on osmotic tests, the inhibition of mycelial growth caused by NaCl applied at different concentrations was significantly higher for the dimethachlone‐resistant mutants than for their wild‐type parents.