Veridical and false memories in healthy older adults and in dementia of the Alzheimer's type
Veridical and false memories in healthy older adults and in dementia of the Alzheimer's type
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DOI：
10.1080/026432999380834
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发表时间：
1999-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Yerys, BE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balota, DA;Cortese, MJ;Yerys, BE
五组参与者（年轻的、健康的老年人、健康的老年人、非常轻度的阿尔茨海默氏症型痴呆、轻度阿尔茨海默氏症型痴呆）对选自 DRM（Deese，1959；Roediger & McDermott，1995）材料中的 6 个 12 项单词列表进行了研究和测试。这些单词列表在语义上强烈地集中在未出现的关键单词上。结果表明，真实回忆和识别能力均随着参与者年龄和痴呆严重程度的变化而下降。然而，高度相关的未呈现项目的回忆和识别实际上随着年龄的变化而增加，并且随着 DAT 的变化而略有下降。当错误记忆被视为真实记忆的一部分时，随着参与者年龄和疾病严重程度的变化，错误记忆明显增加。结果从以下方面进行了讨论：(a) 年龄和 DAT 相关的注意力和记忆表现变化，以及 (b) DRM 范式中产生错误记忆的潜在机制。
Five groups of participants (young, healthy old, healthy old-old, very mild Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type, Mild Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type) studied and were tested on six 12-item lists of words selected from the DRM (Deese, 1959; Roediger & McDermott, 1995) materials. These lists of words strongly converged semantically on a nonpresented critical word. The results indicated that both veridical recall and recognition performance decreased both as a function of age of the participants and as a function of dementia severity. However, the recall and recognition of the highly related nonpresented items actually increased as a function of age, and only slightly decreased as a function of DAT. When false memory was considered as a proportion of veridical memory, there was a clear increase as a function of both age of the participants and as a function of disease severity. The results are discussed in terms of (a) age and DAT-related changes in attention and memory performance, and (b) the underlying mechanisms that produce false memories in the DRM paradigm.