Positive and negative chemotaxis of enzyme-coated liposome motors
Positive and negative chemotaxis of enzyme-coated liposome motors
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DOI：
10.1038/s41565-019-0578-8
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
38.3
通讯作者：
Sen, Ayusman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Somasundar, Ambika;Ghosh, Subhadip;Sen, Ayusman
细胞或细胞组件对化学信号做出反应的能力对生命系统的生存至关重要。这一运动源于利用酶催化产生的自由能。制作了磷脂和其他两亲化合物衍生的人工模型原细胞，并观察了它们在酶的驱动下的运动。然而，基于化学线索(趋化性)的方向性控制一直很难实现。在这里，我们显示了脂质体原细胞的阳性或阴性趋化作用。原细胞通过与底物或酶催化产物或霍夫迈斯特盐的浓度梯度相互作用而自主运动。我们假设推进机制是基于酶催化诱导的正趋化和基于溶质磷脂的负趋化之间的相互作用。控制趋化性的程度和方向在设计细胞模拟和输送载体方面具有相当大的潜力，可以根据环境条件重新配置它们的运动。
The ability of cells or cell components to move in response to chemical signals is critical for the survival of living systems. This motion arises from harnessing free energy from enzymatic catalysis. Artificial model protocells derived from phospholipids and other amphiphiles have been made and their enzymatic-driven motion has been observed. However, control of directionality based on chemical cues (chemotaxis) has been difficult to achieve. Here we show both positive or negative chemotaxis of liposomal protocells. The protocells move autonomously by interacting with concentration gradients of either substrates or products in enzyme catalysis, or Hofmeister salts. We hypothesize that the propulsion mechanism is based on the interplay between enzyme-catalysis-induced positive chemotaxis and solute-phospholipid-based negative chemotaxis. Controlling the extent and direction of chemotaxis holds considerable potential for designing cell mimics and delivery vehicles that can reconfigure their motion in response to environmental conditions.