Beyond diversity loss and climate change: Impacts of Amazon deforestation on infectious diseases and public health
Beyond diversity loss and climate change: Impacts of Amazon deforestation on infectious diseases and public health
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DOI：
10.1590/0001-3765202020191375
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
CHIES, JOSÉ ARTUR B.
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文献类型：
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作者：
ELLWANGER, JOEL HENRIQUE;KULMANN-LEAL, BRUNA;CHIES, JOSÉ ARTUR B.
由于打击森林砍伐的政策减弱，尤其是在巴西，亚马逊的生物多样性日益受到威胁。动植物物种的丧失（其中许多尚未为科学所知）只是亚马逊森林砍伐的众多负面后果之一。森林砍伐影响着土著社区、河边和城市人口，甚至地球健康。亚马逊流域在调节地球气候方面发挥着重要作用，森林丧失导致区域和全球气温上升以及极端天气事件加剧。这些气候条件是新出现的传染病的重要驱动因素，而与森林砍伐相关的活动则加剧了疾病媒介的传播。这篇综述从“同一个健康”的角度介绍了亚马逊森林砍伐对传染病动态和公共卫生的主要影响。由于巴西拥有最大面积的亚马逊雨林，因此重点关注巴西情景。最后，从不同领域的研究人员的角度提出了减轻森林砍伐和新出现的传染病的潜在解决方案。
Amazonian biodiversity is increasingly threatened due to the weakening of policies for combating deforestation, especially in Brazil. Loss of animal and plant species, many not yet known to science, is just one among many negative consequences of Amazon deforestation. Deforestation affects indigenous communities, riverside as well as urban populations, and even planetary health. Amazonia has a prominent role in regulating the Earth's climate, with forest loss contributing to rising regional and global temperatures and intensification of extreme weather events. These climatic conditions are important drivers of emerging infectious diseases, and activities associated with deforestation contribute to the spread of disease vectors. This review presents the main impacts of Amazon deforestation on infectious-disease dynamics and public health from a One Health perspective. Because Brazil holds the largest area of Amazon rainforest, emphasis is given to the Brazilian scenario. Finally, potential solutions to mitigate deforestation and emerging infectious diseases are presented from the perspectives of researchers in different fields.