Darwinian sex roles confirmed across the animal kingdom.
Darwinian sex roles confirmed across the animal kingdom.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.1500983
复制
发表时间：
2016-02
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Anthes N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Janicke T;Häderer IK;Lajeunesse MJ;Anthes N
与达尔文的观点一致，这个元分析揭示了雄性比雌性经历更强的性选择。自从达尔文提出性选择理论以来，科学家们一直在努力确定男女行为、形态和生理上普遍差异背后的进化力量。达尔文-贝特曼范式预测，异配婚对男性施加了更强的性选择，这反过来又推动了传统性别角色的演变，即女性偏向父母的照顾和男性偏向性二型性。虽然这种范式构成了现代性选择理论的基石，但它仍然没有在动物生命树中得到检验。这种证据的缺乏促进了替代假设的兴起，认为性别差异完全是由环境因素或机会驱动的。我们证明，在整个动物王国，性选择，捕捉标准贝特曼指标，确实是强于男性比女性，它是进化上的性别偏见在父母的照顾和性二型性。我们的发现首次提供了全面的证据，证明达尔文关于传统性别角色的概念是准确的，并驳斥了最近对性选择理论的批评。
Consistent with Darwin’s ideas, this meta-analysis reveals that males experience stronger sexual selection than females. Since Darwin’s conception of sexual selection theory, scientists have struggled to identify the evolutionary forces underlying the pervasive differences between male and female behavior, morphology, and physiology. The Darwin-Bateman paradigm predicts that anisogamy imposes stronger sexual selection on males, which, in turn, drives the evolution of conventional sex roles in terms of female-biased parental care and male-biased sexual dimorphism. Although this paradigm forms the cornerstone of modern sexual selection theory, it still remains untested across the animal tree of life. This lack of evidence has promoted the rise of alternative hypotheses arguing that sex differences are entirely driven by environmental factors or chance. We demonstrate that, across the animal kingdom, sexual selection, as captured by standard Bateman metrics, is indeed stronger in males than in females and that it is evolutionarily tied to sex biases in parental care and sexual dimorphism. Our findings provide the first comprehensive evidence that Darwin’s concept of conventional sex roles is accurate and refute recent criticism of sexual selection theory.