Distribution of forest birds in the Andaman islands: importance of key habitats
Distribution of forest birds in the Andaman islands: importance of key habitats
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2699.2001.00584.x
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Ganesh, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Davidar, P;Yoganand, K;Ganesh, T
目的研究安达曼群岛的岛屿面积、源池距离、纬度、生境多样性和生境类型对森林鸟类物种丰富度的影响。位于孟加拉湾的安达曼群岛（印度）。方法对安达曼群岛45个岛屿上47种森林鸟类的分布进行了调查。岛屿的大小和到最近的大岛的距离是根据1:25万比例的卫星图像评估的。通过野外调查，记录了各岛屿鸟类栖息地的数量、类型和物种丰富度。采用回归分析方法评价了各测量变量对森林鸟类物种丰富度的影响。选择最适合的模型来解释结果。为了消除纬度的影响，控制面积和生境多样性的影响，对选定的岛屿进行了单独的分析。结果林鸟种类数量受岛屿面积和生境多样性的影响较大。物种丰富度的主要决定因素是生境类型，特别是湿润森林的存在。湿润森林，半常绿或常绿热带森林在南部岛屿较为常见，通常仅限于较大的岛屿。结论岛屿面积、生境多样性和湿地森林的存在对森林鸟类物种丰富度有显著影响。潮湿的森林维持着安达曼群岛的生物多样性，应该被视为“重要的栖息地”。这可能是因为潮湿森林的物种丰富，也因为安达曼的生物群与潮湿森林占主导地位的马来半岛的生物群相似。因此，生物地理历史可能在区域尺度上对生物多样性产生重要影响。
Aim The aim of this study was to assess the influence of island area, distance to source pool, latitude, habitat diversity and habitat type on species richness of forest birds in the Andaman islands.Location The Andaman islands (India) in the Bay of Bengal.Methods The distributions of 47 species of forest birds were surveyed on 45 islands in the Andaman islands across a latitudinal gradient. The size of the island and distance to the nearest large island were assessed on a satellite image of 1 : 250,000 scale. The number and types of habitats and the species richness of birds on each island were recorded during a field survey. The effects of the variables measured on the species richness of forest birds were assessed using regression analyses. The best fit models were selected for interpretation of the results. Separate analyses were conducted with selected islands to eliminate the effects of latitude and to control the effects of area and habitat diversity.Results The number of species of forest birds was strongly influenced by island area and habitat diversity. However the key determinant of species richness was habitat type, particularly the presence of wet forests. Wet forests, either semi-evergreen or evergreen tropical forests are more common towards the southern islands and are usually restricted to larger islands.Main conclusions Area, habitat diversity and the presence of wet forests on islands significantly influenced species richness of forest birds. The wet forests maintain the biodiversity of the Andamans and should be regarded as a 'keystone habitat'. This is probably because wet forests are species rich and also because the Andaman biota has affinities with that of the Malay peninsula where wet forests predominate. Therefore biogeographical history probably plays an important role in influencing biodiversity at a regional scale.