Emergence of viscosity and dissipation via stochastic bonds
Emergence of viscosity and dissipation via stochastic bonds
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jmps.2021.104660
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Travis Leadbetter;A. Seiphoori;C. Reina;P. Purohit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Travis Leadbetter;A. Seiphoori;C. Reina;P. Purohit
“粘度是最普遍的耗散力学行为”（Maugin，1999）。尽管它的普遍性，即使对于那些机制，造成粘性和其他形式的耗散是已知的系统，只有少数定量模型，提取宏观流变响应从这些微观机制。一种这样的机制是存在于具有瞬时交联的聚合物网络中的键的随机断裂和形成、石墨烯片之间的强层间键合和滑动干摩擦。在本文中，我们利用一个简单而灵活的模型来分析如何随机债券可以诱导一系列的流变行为在宏观尺度上。我们发现，不同的键的相互作用诱导麦克斯韦型宏观材料行为与牛顿粘度，剪切变稀，剪切增稠，或固体摩擦时，受到恒速剪切。当键断裂与所施加的力无关时，牛顿粘度是主要的行为。当施加的力加速键断裂时，剪切稀化响应变得最普遍。通过相图和极限情况的分析，说明了进一步的连接的宏观响应的相互作用势和速率的结合和非结合。最后，我们将此模型应用于聚合物网络和实验数据的“固体桥”在多分散颗粒介质。我们想象可能的应用程序，材料设计，通过工程债券与特定的相互作用，以实现所需的宏观行为。
“Viscosity is the most ubiquitous dissipative mechanical behavior” (Maugin, 1999). Despite its ubiquity, even for those systems where the mechanisms causing viscous and other forms of dissipation are known there are only a few quantitative models that extract the macroscopic rheological response from these microscopic mechanisms. One such mechanism is the stochastic breaking and forming of bonds which is present in polymer networks with transient cross-links, strong inter-layer bonding between graphene sheets, and sliding dry friction. In this paper we utilize a simple yet flexible model to show analytically how stochastic bonds can induce an array of rheological behaviors at the macroscale. We find that varying the bond interactions induces a Maxwell-type macroscopic material behavior with Newtonian viscosity, shear thinning, shear thickening, or solid like friction when subjected to shear at constant rates. When bond rupture is independent of the force applied, Newtonian viscosity is the predominant behavior. When bond breaking is accelerated by the applied force, a shear thinning response becomes most prevalent. Further connections of the macroscopic response to the interaction potential and rates of bonding and unbonding are illustrated through phase diagrams and analysis of limiting cases. Finally, we apply this model to polymer networks and to experimental data on “solid bridges” in polydisperse granular media. We imagine possible applications to material design through engineering bonds with specific interactions to bring about a desired macroscopic behavior.