Health-related risk factors in a sample of Hispanics and whites matched on sociodemographic characteristics. The Stanford Five-City Project.
Health-related risk factors in a sample of Hispanics and whites matched on sociodemographic characteristics. The Stanford Five-City Project.
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西班牙裔和白人样本中的健康相关风险因素与社会人口特征相匹配。
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116646
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Rockhill,B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Winkleby,MA;Fortmann,SP;Rockhill,B
虽然过去的研究比较了西班牙裔和白人的健康相关风险因素，但很少有研究控制了社会人口变量的潜在混淆。利用1979年至1990年在加州四个不同城市进行的两年一次的横断面调查中25-74岁的男性和女性的数据，作者采用了配对设计，其中756名西班牙裔受访者与756名白人受访者根据年龄、性别、教育水平、居住城市和调查时间进行配对。西班牙裔和白人在血压指标（收缩压和舒张压、高血压患病率和抗高血压药物的使用）、热量摄入、总胆固醇、酒精摄入量或身体活动方面没有发现显著差异。西班牙裔美国人的危险因素水平高于白人的唯一变量是体重指数(体重(kg)/身高(m)2；27.5比25.6,p<0.001)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（48.6 mg/dl比50.1 mg/dl, p<0.03）。另一方面，白人明显比西班牙裔更有可能成为吸烟者（34.2%比24.0%,p<0.001），并且在吸烟者中，每天吸烟的数量更多（19.7比11.4支/天，p<0.001）。以总脂肪（37.6% vs. 35.1%, p<0.04）和饱和脂肪（13.6% vs. 12.3%, p<0.03）的卡路里百分比来衡量，白人也明显更可能有高脂肪饮食。对相互作用的检查表明，在几个性别、年龄和教育亚组中，种族之间存在进一步的风险因素差异。
Although past studies have compared health-related risk factors in Hispanics and whites, few studies have controlled for potential confounding from sociodemographic variables. Using data on men and women aged 25–74 years who responded to biennial cross-sectional surveys conducted in four diverse California cities from 1979 to 1990, the authors employed a matched-pairs design in which 756 Hispanic respondents were matched to 756 white respondents according to age, sex, educational level, city of residence, and time of survey. No significant differences between Hispanics and whites were found for any of the blood pressure indicators (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, prevalence of hypertension, and use of antihypertensive medication), caloric intake, total cholesterol, alcohol intake, or physical activity. The only variables for which Hispanics had higher levels of risk factors than whites were body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)2; 27.5 vs. 25.6,p<0.001) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (48.6 mg/dl vs. 50.1 mg/dl, p<0.03). Whites, on the other hand, were significantly more likely to be current smokers than Hispanics (34.2% vs. 24.0%, p<0.001) and, among smokers, to smoke a greater number of cigarettes per day (19.7 vs. 11.4 cigarettes/ day, p<0.001). Whites were also significantly more likely to have higher-fat diets, as measured by percentages of calories derived from total fat (37.6% vs. 35.1%, p<0.04) and saturated fat (13.6% vs. 12.3%, p<0.03). Examination of interactions indicated further risk factor differences by ethnicity across several sex, age, and educational subgroups.