Pricing Traffic Networks with Mixed Vehicle Autonomy
Pricing Traffic Networks with Mixed Vehicle Autonomy
复制标题
混合车辆自主定价交通网络
DOI：
10.23919/acc.2019.8814392
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Horowitz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Negar Mehr;R. Horowitz
在交通网络中，车辆通常会自私地选择它们的路线。因此，交通网络通常在Wardrop条件下运行。然而，众所周知，均衡一般是无效的。除了均衡的内在低效率之外，作者最近还表明，在自动驾驶汽车比人类驾驶的汽车保持更短的车头时距的混合自动驾驶网络中，增加网络中自动驾驶汽车的比例可能会增加均衡的低效率。在这项工作中，我们研究了通过定价机制消除混合自治交通网络中均衡的低效率的可能性。特别是，我们研究分配价格的网络链接，使整体或社会延迟的均衡是最小的。首先，我们研究了通过实施一组无差别价格来诱导这种最优均衡的可能性，即一组在每个环节上对人类驾驶和自动驾驶车辆都一视同仁的价格。我们提供了一个例子表明，无差别定价是不足以实现最小的社会延迟。然后，我们研究了差异化定价，其中穿越每个链路的价格可能取决于车辆是人类驾驶还是自动驾驶。在差异化定价下，我们证明了当道路容量的不对称程度（即所有车辆都是人驾驶时的道路容量与所有车辆都是自主行驶时的道路容量之比）在网络链路之间是均匀的时，由链路的边际成本税得到的链路价格将诱导具有最小社会延迟的均衡.
In a traffic network, vehicles normally select their routes selfishly. Consequently, traffic networks normally operate at an equilibrium characterized by Wardrop conditions. However, it is well known that equilibria are inefficient in general. In addition to the intrinsic inefficiency of equilibria, the authors recently showed that, in mixed-autonomy networks in which autonomous vehicles maintain a shorter headway than human-driven cars, increasing the fraction of autonomous vehicles in the network may increase the inefficiency of equilibria. In this work, we study the possibility of obviating the inefficiency of equilibria in mixed-autonomy traffic networks via pricing mechanisms. In particular, we study assigning prices to network links such that the overall or social delay of the resulting equilibria is minimum. First, we study the possibility of inducing such optimal equilibria by imposing a set of undifferentiated prices, i.e. a set of prices that treat both human-driven and autonomous vehicles similarly at each link. We provide an example which demonstrates that undifferentiated pricing is not sufficient for achieving minimum social delay. Then, we study differentiated pricing where the price of traversing each link may depend on whether vehicles are human-driven or autonomous. Under differentiated pricing, we prove that link prices obtained from the marginal cost taxation of links will induce equilibria with minimum social delay if the degree of road capacity asymmetry (i.e. the ratio between the road capacity when all vehicles are human-driven and the road capacity when all vehicles are autonomous) is homogeneous among network links.
DOI：
10.1016/j.trc.2018.02.005
发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Stern, Raphael E.;Cui, Shumo;Work, Daniel B.
通讯作者：
Work, Daniel B.
DOI：
10.23919/acc.2018.8431087
发表时间：
2017-10
期刊：
2018 Annual American Control Conference (ACC)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Daniel A. Lazar;S. Coogan;Ramtin Pedarsani
通讯作者：
Daniel A. Lazar;S. Coogan;Ramtin Pedarsani