Pholiderpeton scutigerum Huxley, an Amphibian from the Yorkshire Coal Measures
Pholiderpeton scutigerum Huxley, an Amphibian from the Yorkshire Coal Measures
复制标题
Pholiderpeton scutigerum Huxley，来自约克郡煤系的两栖动物
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Clack
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Clack
Pholiderpeton scutigerum是约克郡(威斯特伐利亚A)煤系中的一种绿色两栖动物。正模是通过气雾化和牙锤技术制备的，揭示了保存最完好的英国栓子。Pholiderpeton的头骨和脑壳形态与Eogyrinus非常相似，但提供了许多关于头盖骨和上颚的新信息，特别是翼-附翼复合体。脑壳扩大了从其他栓子标本中获得的信息，并尝试了新的重建。枕上不存在，但耳囊背面有眼球，如粘液瘤。对幽灵兽颌骨功能的研究表明，它并不符合纯粹的“运动惯性”系统，而是本质上非专门化的。这条所谓的“运动线”位于前脑沟颅骨平台和脸颊的交界处，它不是活动的，而可能是一个对接，以抵抗闭合颌骨时产生的垂直压缩。标本上出现了颈椎区域的元素，包括枢椎神经弓和胸椎，枢椎神经弓和肋骨以及胸带和前肢，这使得这些区域的重建得以进行。在胸肢和胸带的结构上，嗜酸性脊椎动物与弓形目动物相似。Pholiderpeton的前肢功能比与之相关的原脑膜动物的前肢功能更灵活。证据表明，嗜酸鱼科动物和始祖类一样，体型较长，骶前数量为40只。栓子的颈部与原脊髓有一些相似之处，但与更完全骨化的胸椎图谱相似。我们还将这块椎骨与之前未被描述的椎弓根进行了比较。对弓形虫属头盖骨的研究被包括在内，以协助嗜酸粒线虫的分类学研究。在同一种栓子中，该区域存在许多一致的特征。Pholiderpeton Huxley(1869)与Eogyrinus Watson(1926)同名，因此在命名上优先，但在许多特征上它可能与相关的古两栖动物区别开来。与翼龙有关的孤立头盖骨不是嗜麦角鱼的头盖骨，因此被从家族中移除。它与弓形虫和原金龟属有相似之处。北美洲的嗜酸性软体动物保留在嗜酸性网虫科内。该科与单性科炭龙科亲缘关系最近，两者共同构成了该科的姊妹群。原姬蜂科是这三个科的姊妹群，这些科一起组成了胚胎群组。文中给出了表达这些关系的分支图。
Pholiderpeton scutigerum is an eogyrinid amphibian from the Coal Measures of Yorkshire (Westphalian A). The holotype has been prepared by airbrasive and dental-mallet techniques to reveal the most completely preserved of British embolomeres. The skull and braincase morphology of Pholiderpeton is closely similar to that of Eogyrinus but has provided new information about many of the skull roofing bones and palate, in particular the pterygoid-epipterygoid complex. The braincase has augmented information gained from other embolomere specimens and a new reconstruction has been attempted. A supraoccipital was not present but the otic capsule was roofed dorsally by the opisthotics, as in loxommatids. Study of jaw function in Pholiderpeton suggests that it did not conform to a pure ‘kinetic inertial’ system but that it was essentially unspecialized. The so-called ‘kinetic line’ at the junction of the eogyrinid skull table and cheek was not mobile but was probably a butt joint to resist vertical compression generated during jaw closure. Present on the specimen, and previously undescribed in eogyrinids, were elements of the cervical region, including the atlas neural arch and pleurocentrum, the axis neural arch and rib as well as the pectoral girdle and forelimb, allowing reconstruction of these regions to be made. The eogyrinids resemble Archeria in the structure of pectoral limb and girdle. Forelimb function in Pholiderpeton was more flexible than that proposed for the related Proterogyrinus . The evidence suggests that the eogyrinids, like the archeriids, were long-bodied with a presacral count of 40. The cervical region of embolomeres shows some similarities with that of Proterogyrinus but with a more fully ossified atlas pleurocentrum. The atlas vertebra is also compared with that of Archeria , previously undescribed. A study of the skull table in the genus Archeria is included to assist in taxonomic studies of eogyrinids. A number of consistent characters were found to exist in this region within one species of embolomere. The genus Pholiderpeton Huxley (1869) is shown to be synonymous with Eogyrinus Watson (1926) and therefore takes nomenclatural priority, but it may be distinguished from the related Palaeoherpeton on a number of characters. The isolated skull table pertaining to Pteroplax is not that of an eogyrinid, and is removed from the family. It shows resemblances to Archeria and Proterogyrinus . The North American eogyrinids are retained within the family Eogyrinidae. The family Eogyrinidae is most closely related to the monogeneric family Anthracosauridae, and together these two form the sister-group of the Archeriidae. The Proterogyrinidae is the sister-group of all three, and together these families form the group Embolomeri. A cladogram to express these relationships is presented.