Effect of chemical environment on levels of substance P and somatostatin in cultured sensory neurones.
Effect of chemical environment on levels of substance P and somatostatin in cultured sensory neurones.
复制标题
化学环境对培养感觉神经元 P 物质和生长抑素水平的影响。
作者：
Mudge,AW
自主神经元产生的神经递质受其发育环境的影响1。例如，Le Douarin和她的同事已经证明，通过将神经嵴中通常产生胆碱能神经节的区域移植到通常产生肾上腺素能神经节的区域，可以诱导这些区域发育成肾上腺素能细胞。类似地，交感神经元在培养中生长表达肾上腺素能或胆碱能特性，这取决于它们是否在存在或不存在某些类型的非神经元细胞的情况下生长1，3-5。Patterson等人6，7证明这不是由于神经元群体的选择性存活，而是单个神经元的递质选择可以被非神经元细胞产生的可溶性因子改变。与自主神经元一样，感觉神经元来源于神经嵴，因此它们产生的递质类型也可能受到它们发育的环境的影响。在这里，我证明，当感觉神经元从胚胎鸡背根神经节与神经节的非神经元细胞或与培养基“条件”与这样的细胞孵育一起生长时，它们产生的生长抑素（SOM）的量增加。这种增加既不伴随P物质（SP）含量的增加，也不伴随神经元存活的可检测变化，因此不同于神经生长因子（NGF）的作用，后者增加感觉神经元的存活而不影响SOM和SP的相对水平。
The neurotransmitter produced by autonomic neurones is influenced by the environment in which they develop1. For example, Le Douarin2and her colleagues have shown that regions of the neural crest which normally give rise to cholinergic ganglia can be induced to develop into adrenergic cells by transplanting them into a region of the crest which normally gives rise to adrenergic ganglia. Similarly, sympathetic neurones grown in culture express either adrenergic or cholinergic properties depending on whether they are grown in the absence or presence of certain types of non-neuronal cells1,3–5. Pattersonet al.6,7demonstrated that this is not due to selective survival of a population of neurones but that the transmitter choice of individual neurones can be altered by soluble factors produced by non-neuronal cells. Like autonomic neurones, sensory neurones derive from the neural crest and it therefore seems likely that the type of transmitter they produce could also be influenced by the environment in which they develop. Here I demonstrate that when sensory neurones from embryonic chick dorsal root ganglia are grown together with ganglionic non-neuronal cells or with medium ‘conditioned’ by incubation with such cells, they produce increased amounts of somatostatin (SOM). This increase is neither accompanied by an increase in substance P (SP) content nor a detectable change in neuronal survival and thus differs from the effect of nerve growth factor (NGF), which increases survival of sensory neurones without affecting the relative levels of SOM and SP.