Glycogen in the epithelium of mucous membranes and skin and its significance.
Glycogen in the epithelium of mucous membranes and skin and its significance.
复制标题
粘膜和皮肤上皮中的糖原及其意义。
DOI：
10.1159/000141788
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发表时间：
1961
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Falin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Falin
糖原于1857年由Cl。众所周知，Ilernard发生在许多动物细胞的原质中，首先是在肝脏和骨骼肌中。它代表了一种对能量过程很重要的储存物质，在糖酵解过程中容易随着葡萄糖的形成而分裂并产生乳酸（Stepanenko[1958]）。在饥饿或剧烈的肌肉运动中，肝脏中的糖原分解为葡萄糖或其磷醚，随着血液在整个机体中扩散。在肌肉中，糖原是肌肉收缩过程中所必需的重要能量来源。组织化学研究表明，在骨骼肌中，糖原以肌球蛋白-糖原复合物的形式与肌纤维的各向异性物质密切相关，在肌肉收缩动力学中起着重要作用（Rosenfeld[1947]）。1948);Shubitch [1958 j)。糖原在神经组织碳水化合物代谢中的作用也是如此（Shabadash 11949）。据Shabadash说。合成糖原的能力是神经细胞的主要特性。许多无脊椎动物的神经细胞富含糖原，证实了这一点（Levinson[1942]）。Shabadash在高等动物，特别是哺乳动物中的研究表明，合成和积累糖原的能力仅为脊髓和脑干的运动细胞以及脊髓神经节的感觉神经元所特有。大脑和中枢皮层细胞缺乏糖原，这表明它们转向另一种碳水化合物代谢，与立即使用周围培养基中的糖有关（Shabadash）。许多作者提出的证据显示糖原在骨组织（Friedcnstein[1956]）和硬牙组织（Harris[1933]）的发育和钙化过程中所起的作用。
Glycogen discovered in 1857 by Cl. Ilernard occurs, as is known, in the proto plasm of numerous animal cells, first of all in liver and skeletal muscles. It represents a stored substance important for energy processes, readily splitting with formation of glucose and producing lactic acid in glycolysis (Stepanenko [1958]). In starvation or intensive muscular work the glycogen in the liver breaks down to glucose or its phosphoric ethers which spread with the blood (low throughout the organism. In muscles glycogen is an important source of energy necessary for the process of muscular contraction. Histochemical investigations have shown that in skeletal muscles glycogen is substantially connected with the anisotropic substance of myo fibrillar in the form of myosin-glycogenic complex playing an essential role in the dynamics of muscular contraction (Rosenfeld [1947. 1948]; Shubitch [1958J). No less is the role of glycogen in the carbohydrate metabolism of nervous tissue (Shabadash 11949)). According to Shabadash. the ability to synthesise glycogen is a primary property of the nerve cell. This is confirmed by the richness in glycogen of nerve cells of many invertebrates (Levinson [1942]). As shown by investigations of Shabadash in higher animals, especially in mammals, the ability to synthesize and accumulate glycogen is peculiar only to motor cells of the spinal cord and brain stem as well as to sensory neurones of spinal ganglia. The cells of cerebral and cere bellar cortex are devoid of glycogen which indicates their shift to another type of carbohydrate metabolism associated with an immediate use of glycose from the surrounding medium (Shabadash). Of considerable interest is the evidence presented by a number of authors w ho showed the role of glycogen in the processes of development and calcification of the osseous tissue (Friedcnstein [1956]) and the hard dental tissues (Harris [1933];