Biofortification (Se): Does it increase the content of phenolic compounds in virgin olive oil (VOO)?
Biofortification (Se): Does it increase the content of phenolic compounds in virgin olive oil (VOO)?
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0176580
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Selvaggini R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D'Amato R;Proietti P;Onofri A;Regni L;Esposto S;Servili M;Businelli D;Selvaggini R
特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）是地中海饮食的基本组成部分，它可能含有几种抗氧化物质，如酚类物质。先前的研究表明，在开花前向作物冠层喷洒硒酸钠溶液（100毫克L-1硒），可能会使这种食物富含酚类物质。本研究的目的是评价开花前施硒的效果(cv。Leccino)对evoo的酚类特征进行了研究，并测试了这种影响在多大程度上取决于天气模式，这是在两个对比实验季节（2013年和2014年）中观察到的。结果表明，施硒可提高EVOOs中硒含量（最高达120 μg kg-1）和酚含量（最高达401 mg kg-1）。后一种富集与l -苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性的增加有关，在很大程度上与气候模式无关。从酚类成分来看，油酸苷、川芎苷、糖苷和油酸苷受影响最大，分别增加了57、50和32%。所有这些化合物，特别是油酸，已被证明具有相关的抗氧化活性，有助于evo的保质期和对人体健康的积极影响。这表明，在橄榄树开花前施用硒肥可能是一种有趣的做法，特别是在品种差和寒冷多雨的天气模式下，这通常会导致产生具有不利酚类特征的evo。
Extra-Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) is a fundamental component of the Mediterranean diet and it may contain several anti-oxidant substances, such as phenols. Previous research has shown that this food may be enriched in phenols by spraying a sodium-selenate solution (100 mg L-1 Se) onto the crop canopy before flowering. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of this Se-fertilization before flowering (cv. Leccino) on the phenolic profile of EVOOs, and test to what extent such effects depend on the weather pattern, as observed in two contrasting experimental seasons (2013 and 2014). Results showed that Se-fertilisation enriched EVOOs both in selenium (up to 120 μg kg-1) and in phenols (up to 401 mg kg-1). This latter enrichment was related to an increase in PAL (L-Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase) activities and it was largely independent on the climatic pattern. Considering the phenolic profile, oleacein, ligustroside, aglycone and oleocanthal were the most affected compounds and were increased by 57, 50 and 32%, respectively. All these compounds, especially oleacein, have been shown to exert a relevant anti-oxidant activity, contributing both to the shelf-life of EVOOs and to positive effects on human health. It is suggested that Se-fertilisation of olive trees before flowering may be an interesting practice, particularly with poor cultivars and cold and rainy weather patterns, which would normally lead to the production of EVOOs with unfavourable phenolic profile.