Fertility and labor supply of the old with pay-as-you-go pension and child allowances
Fertility and labor supply of the old with pay-as-you-go pension and child allowances
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DOI：
10.1515/bejm-2016-0182
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Miyazaki, Koichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Hung-Ju;Miyazaki, Koichi
本文研究了现收现付制养老金和子女津贴对生育率、老年劳动力供给和福利的影响。为此，我们分析了一个小的开放的世代交替模型，其中生育率和老代理人的劳动力供给（退休时间）与现收现付养老金和儿童津贴内生。我们发现，现收现付养老金税率如何影响生育率取决于老代理人是否退休。当一个老代理人完全退休时，利率和生育率的大小决定了现收现付养老金税率对生育率的影响。当一个老代理人工作时，现收现付的养老金税率肯定会降低生育率。此外，子女津贴如何影响生育率取决于老代理人是否工作。如果一位老代理人完全退休，那么子女免税税率的提高会提高生育率。当一个老代理人工作时，这并不一定是真的，这表明当我们评估社会保障制度对经济变量的影响时，应该考虑到老代理人的劳动状况。此外，我们还研究了社会保障税率对福利的影响，并提供了数值例子。
We investigate the effects of pay-as-you-go pension and child allowances on fertility, labor supply of the old, and welfare. For this purpose, we analyze a small open overlapping-generations model in which fertility and an old agent's labor supply (retirement time) are endogenized with pay-as-you-go pension and child allowances. We find that how the pay-as-you-go pension tax rate affects the fertility rate depends on whether an old agent retires. When an old agent fully retires, then the size of the interest rate and fertility rate determine the effect of the pay-as-you-go pension tax rate on the fertility rate. When an old agent works, the pay-as-you-go pension tax rate certainly reduces the fertility rate. In addition, how child allowances affect the fertility rate depends on whether an old agent works. If an old agent retires fully, then an increase in the child allowance tax rate increases the fertility rate. When an old agent works, this is not necessarily true, which suggests that an old agent's labor status should be taken into account when we evaluate the effects of the social security system on economic variables. In addition, we examine the effect of the social security tax rates on welfare and provide numerical examples.