Ultrafast thermal-free photoluminescence of coherently extended single quantum states
Ultrafast thermal-free photoluminescence of coherently extended single quantum states
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-44940-7
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发表时间：
2019-06
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
T. Matsuda;M. Ichimiya;M. Ashida;H. Ishihara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Matsuda;M. Ichimiya;M. Ashida;H. Ishihara
物质的单量子态的相干体积通常比光子的相干体积小几个数量级，因此光子和单量子态之间的相互作用通常非常弱。这限制了自由空间中物质状态的辐射衰变速度。最近加速辐射过程的努力集中在使用腔系统创建光子的小模体积，或者实现量子发射器之间的自发同步以在宏观尺度上创建偶极子，其将光子发射加速到几百飞秒。在这里，我们证明了10-fs类的光致发光（PL）的一个单一的量子态在固体薄膜没有使用的光腔系统或自发同步效应。值得注意的是，这种速度可以在室温下击败相关激发态的热失相，这通常是几十飞秒。这个过程的发生是由于光波和多极激子波之间巨大的相互作用体积。这一结果表明，有可能实现在热退相过程激活之前完成的光电发射过程，这开辟了无处不在的固体作为无热或极低能量损失光子材料的潜在可能性。
The coherent volume of single quantum states of matter is typically smaller than that of photons by several orders of magnitude, and hence, interactions between photons and single quantum states are normally very weak. This limits the speed of radiative decay of matter states in free space. Recent efforts to speed-up radiative processes have been focused on creating a small mode volume of photons using cavity systems, or on realizing spontaneous synchronization among quantum emitters to create a dipole at the macroscopic scale, which accelerates photon emission up to a couple of hundred femtoseconds. Here, we demonstrate the 10-fs class of photoluminescence (PL) of a single quantum state in solid thin films without the use of a photo-cavity system or the spontaneous synchronization effect. Significantly, this speed can beat thermal dephasing of relevant excited states at room temperature, which is typically a couple of tens of femtoseconds. The process occurs due to the giant interaction volume between light waves and the multipole excitonic waves. This result indicates the possibility to realize photoemission processes that complete before the thermal dephasing process activates, which opens up the hidden potential of ubiquitous solids as thermal-free or extremely low-energy-loss photonic materials.