Long-term weight development after pregnancy.
Long-term weight development after pregnancy.
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1467-789x.2002.00061.x
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rossner, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Linne, Y;Barkeling, B;Rossner, S
对于一些女性来说，怀孕是超重和肥胖的诱因。在我们肥胖组的128名女性患者中，73%的人表示，她们在每次怀孕后保留了超过10公斤的体重，对于这一亚组来说，怀孕后体重的增长对她们未来的健康至关重要。虽然怀孕后的平均体重增加一般不大，但个体差异很大。在肥胖组的研究中，据报道，体重在怀孕一年后保留了26.5公斤，减掉了12.3公斤，尽管平均体重只增加了0.5公斤。许多研究分析了怀孕和分娩后体重增长的解释因素，研究对象从数十万名女性到不到100名女性，但总的来说，要找到体重增长的有力预测因素令人惊讶地困难。已经确定了许多混杂因素；在一项审查中，报告了多达31个这样的混杂因素。方法学问题包括体重随着时间的推移也在非怀孕妇女中发展，以及确定何时应该评估怀孕对体重发展的总体影响的最佳时间点的问题。哺乳一直被发现在解释产后一年的体重滞留方面起到了很小的作用。很少有研究考察孕期和产后体力活动对体重发育的影响。我们自己对1984-85年间分娩的妇女进行的持续跟踪调查，即所谓的产卵(斯德哥尔摩怀孕和妇女营养)研究表明，在分娩15年后，最初研究的1423名妇女中有相当大一部分可以重新检查。辍学分析表明，在研究中的大多数变量中，其余女性在初始样本中具有代表性。怀孕和体重发育是以一种复杂的模式相互交织在一起的，其中包括生活方式因素的变化，如饮食行为、体力活动、戒烟和哺乳程度，但这些因素仍不完全清楚。
For some women pregnancy is a trigger for developing overweight and obesity. Seventy-three per cent of 128 female patients at our Obesity Unit indicated that they had retained more than 10 kg after each of their pregnancies, and for this subgroup weight development after pregnancy was of crucial importance for their future health. Although mean weight increases after pregnancy generally are modest, there are wide individual variations. In studies at the Obesity Unit, weight retention ranging from up to 26.5 kg one year after pregnancy to a loss of 12.3 kg was reported, although the mean weight gained was only 0.5 kg. Numerous studies have analysed factors explaining weight development after pregnancy and delivery, with a range of subjects from several hundred thousand women to fewer than one-hundred, but overall it has been surprisingly difficult to identify strong predictors of weight development. Numerous confounders have been identified; in a review up to 31 such confounders were reported. Methodological problems include weight development over time also in non-pregnant women and problems of identifying the optimal time-point when the overall impact of the pregnancy on weight development should be evaluated. Lactation has consistently been found to play a small role in explaining weight retention up to one year after delivery. Few studies have examined the role of physical activity during pregnancy and after delivery to explain weight development. Our own ongoing follow-up of women who gave birth during 1984-85, the so-called SPAWN (Stockholm Pregnancy and Women's Nutrition) study, illustrates that 15 years after delivery, a significant proportion of the 1423 women initially studied were available for re-examination. Drop-out analyses indicate that for most variables under study, the remaining women were representative for the initial sample. Pregnancy and weight development are intertwined in a complex pattern, which includes a change in lifestyle factors, such as eating behaviour, physical activity, smoking cessation and degree of lactation, but which are still not fully understood.