Effects of Particle Shape on the Shear Wave Velocity and Shear Modulus of 3D Printed Sand Analogs
Effects of Particle Shape on the Shear Wave Velocity and Shear Modulus of 3D Printed Sand Analogs
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DOI：
10.5802/ogeo.9
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. S. Ahmed-S.;Alejandro Martinez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. S. Ahmed-S.;Alejandro Martinez
。分离单个颗粒特性（例如形状、尺寸、矿物学、表面粗糙度）对天然粗粒土壤机械行为的影响是实验研究中的一个重大挑战。这一挑战可以通过 3D 打印技术的最新进展来解决，该技术能够生成人造沙粒大小的颗粒，并且可以独立控制颗粒尺寸和形状。在这项研究中，进行了弯曲单元测试，以检查颗粒形状对 3D 打印砂类似物的剪切波速度和剪切模量的孤立影响。实验结果表明，3D 打印砂样本的剪切波速和剪切模量与平均有效应力之间存在关系，与天然砂的报道一致。对于给定的空隙率、相对密度和平均有效应力，由具有更大颗粒圆度和球形度的 3D 打印砂组成的样本表现出更大的剪切波速度和剪切模量。剪切波速度的变化可以根据单个颗粒形状参数（例如圆度和球形度）以及组合颗粒形状参数（例如规则性）的差异来捕获。回归分析用于建立剪切波速与颗粒形状参数和孔隙比之间的关系，该关系与先前发表的关系一致，并可靠地预测天然砂的剪切波速。本文提出的结果强调了测试 3D 打印土壤以识别功能趋势以及土壤响应参数和内在特性之间的依赖性的有用性。然而，这需要根据已发布的趋势验证结果，并评估 3D 打印和天然土壤之间成分材料差异的可能影响。
. Isolating the effects of individual particle properties (e.g. shape, size, min-eralogy, surface roughness) on the mechanical behavior of naturally occurring coarse-grained soils is a significant challenge in experimental studies. This challenge can be addressed by recent advances in 3D printing technology which enable generation of ar-tificial sand-sized particles with independent control over particle size and shape. In this study, bender element tests are conducted to examine the isolated effects of particle shape on the shear wave velocity and shear modulus of 3D printed sand analogs. The experimental results show that the shear wave velocity and shear modulus of the 3D printed sand specimens exhibit a relationship with mean effective stress that is in agreement to that reported for natural sands. The specimens composed of 3D printed sands with greater particle roundness and sphericity exhibit greater shear wave velocity and shear modulus for a given void ratio, relative density, and mean effective stress. The changes in shear wave velocity can be captured in terms of differences in individual particle shape parameters such as roundness and sphericity as well as combined particle shape parameters such as regularity. Regression analysis is used to develop relationships between shear wave velocity and particle shape parameters and void ratio, which are shown to be in agreement with previously-published relationships and to reliably predict the shear wave velocity of natural sands. The results presented herein highlight the usefulness of testing 3D printed soils to identify functional trends and dependencies between soil response parameters and intrinsic properties. However, this requires veri-fication of the results against published trends and assessment of the possible effects of the differences in constituent material between the 3D printed and the natural soils.