Ice nucleation by aerosols from anthropogenic pollution
Ice nucleation by aerosols from anthropogenic pollution
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DOI：
10.1038/s41561-019-0389-4
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
18.3
通讯作者：
Bin Zhao;Yuan Wang;Y. Gu;K. Liou;Jonathan H. Jiang;Jiwen Fan;Xiaohong Liu;Lei Huang;Y. Yun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bin Zhao;Yuan Wang;Y. Gu;K. Liou;Jonathan H. Jiang;Jiwen Fan;Xiaohong Liu;Lei Huang;Y. Yun
大气中冰粒的形成强烈影响云的性质和气候。虽然矿物粉尘是一种有效的冰核粒子，但人为污染产生的气溶胶在冰核形成中的作用仍存在争议。在这里，我们通过多颗卫星11年的观测和云分辨模式模拟来探索不同气溶胶类型的成冰能力。我们发现，对于强对流系统，云顶附近的冰粒有效半径随着污染大陆气溶胶负荷的增加而减小，这是因为冰的形成主要是云滴的均匀冻结，在污染越严重的情况下，云滴的冻结越小。相比之下，对于中等对流，受污染的大陆气溶胶使冰粒有效半径增加。我们的模式模拟表明，这种正相关性是由于在较高的气溶胶负荷下，非均匀冰核的增强和冰粒的长时间增长，表明受污染的大陆气溶胶含有相当一部分冰核粒子。对于沙尘气溶胶，观察到了类似的气溶胶-冰关系，进一步证实了受污染的大陆气溶胶的成冰能力。人为污染产生的气溶胶通过催化结冰，对云寿命、辐射效应和降水效率产生深远影响。
The formation of ice particles in the atmosphere strongly affects cloud properties and the climate. While mineral dust is known to be an effective ice nucleating particle, the role of aerosols from anthropogenic pollution in ice nucleation is still under debate. Here we probe the ice nucleation ability of different aerosol types by combining 11-year observations from multiple satellites and cloud-resolving model simulations. We find that, for strong convective systems, the ice particle effective radius near cloud top decreases with increasing loading of polluted continental aerosols, because the ice formation is dominated by homogeneous freezing of cloud droplets, which are smaller under more polluted conditions. By contrast, an increase in ice particle effective radius with polluted continental aerosols is found for moderate convection. Our model simulations suggest that this positive correlation is explained by enhanced heterogeneous ice nucleation and prolonged ice particle growth at higher aerosol loading, indicating that polluted continental aerosols contain a considerable fraction of ice nucleating particles. Similar aerosol–ice relationships are observed for dust aerosols, further corroborating the ice nucleation ability of polluted continental aerosols. By catalysing ice formation, aerosols from anthropogenic pollution could have profound impacts on cloud lifetime and radiative effect as well as precipitation efficiency.