Lysyl Oxidase, Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Cancer Metastasis
Lysyl Oxidase, Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Cancer Metastasis
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赖氨酰氧化酶、细胞外基质重塑和癌症转移
DOI：
10.1007/s12307-012-0105-z
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ge, Gaoxiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiao, Qian;Ge, Gaoxiang
赖氨酰氧化酶 (LOX) 家族氧化酶 LOX 和 LOXL1-4 氧化胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白中的赖氨酸残基，导致这些细胞外基质 (ECM) 结构成分的共价交联和稳定化，从而为胶原蛋白和弹性纤维提供大部分拉伸强度和结构完整性。 LOX 表达和/或活性异常会导致结缔组织疾病和纤维化疾病。尽管据报道 LOX 家族氧化酶具有肿瘤抑制因子的功能，但最近的研究强调了 LOX 家族氧化酶在促进癌症转移中的作用。 LOX家族氧化酶在侵袭性肿瘤中高表达，与转移和不良患者预后密切相关。与它们在结缔组织稳态中的作用一致，LOX家族氧化酶通过主动重塑肿瘤微环境来加速肿瘤发生和转移。 LOX 家族氧化酶还积极参与上皮间质转化 (EMT) 过程，这是癌细胞侵袭和转移的关键事件。在这篇综述中，我们将总结LOX家族氧化酶的最新进展，重点讨论LOX在肿瘤进展和转移中的作用和机制。
Lysyl oxidase (LOX) family oxidases, LOX and LOXL1-4, oxidize lysine residues in collagens and elastin, resulting in the covalent crosslinking and stabilization of these extracellular matrix (ECM) structural components, thus provide collagen and elastic fibers much of their tensile strength and structural integrity. Abnormality in LOX expression and/or activity results in connective tissue disorders and fibrotic diseases. Despite LOX family oxidases have been reported to function as tumor suppressors, recent studies have highlighted the roles of LOX family oxidases in promoting cancer metastasis. LOX family oxidases are highly expressed in invasive tumors, and are closely associated with metastasis and poor patient outcome. Consistent to their roles in connective tissue homeostasis, LOX family oxidases expedite tumorigenesis and metastasis through active remodeling of tumor microenvironment. LOX family oxidases are also actively involved in the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an event critical in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. In this review, we will summarize the recent progress on LOX family oxidases, with much of the focus on the roles and mechanism of LOX in tumor progression and metastasis.