Shifting the distribution: modulation of the lipid profile in Yarrowia lipolytica via iron content
Shifting the distribution: modulation of the lipid profile in Yarrowia lipolytica via iron content
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DOI：
10.1007/s00253-022-11800-w
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发表时间：
2022-01-31
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Alper, Hal S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cordova, Lauren T.;Palmer, Claire M.;Alper, Hal S.
微生物发酵提供了一种可持续的燃料，商品化学品和药物来源，但菌株的性能受到所选择的生长培养基的极大影响。具体而言，痕量金属（例如，铁、铜、锰、锌等）对于微生物内的适当生长和酶功能是关键的，但在培养基配方中是非标准化的。在这项工作中，微量金属补充对解脂耶氏酵母的脂质生产概况的影响进行了探索，使用管规模发酵，然后生物量和脂质表征。在化学成分确定的酵母合成完全（YSC）培养基中添加铁（II）使最终光密度增加近两倍，脂质产量增加三倍，而添加铜（II）没有影响。此外，观察到脂质分布的剂量响应性变化，随着初始铁浓度的增加，油酸的百分比增加，硬脂酸的百分比减少。这些变化是可逆的，随后的铁选择性螯合。与YSC培养基相比，使用富含酵母蛋白胨葡萄糖（YPD）的培养基能够进一步增加两种特殊油脂化学品的产量，最终分别达到脂质池的63%和47%，即α-亚麻酸和环丙烷脂肪酸。选择性去除铁（II）天然存在于YPD培养基中降低了这种油脂化学物质的生产，最终对齐的脂质分布与非补充YSC培养基。这些结果提供了对酵母中铁调节的拟议机制的进一步了解，特别是当这些生产菌株含有铁调节因子mga 2的突变等位基因时。这里提出的工作也提出了一个非遗传的方法来控制Y。用于各种应用的解脂剂。
Microbial fermentation offers a sustainable source of fuels, commodity chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, yet strain performance is influenced greatly by the growth media selected. Specifically, trace metals (e.g., iron, copper, manganese, zinc, and others) are critical for proper growth and enzymatic function within microorganisms yet are non-standardized across media formulation. In this work, the effect of trace metal supplementation on the lipid production profile of Yarrowia lipolytica was explored using tube scale fermentation followed by biomass and lipid characterization. Addition of iron (II) to the chemically defined Yeast Synthetic Complete (YSC) medium increased final optical density nearly twofold and lipid production threefold, while addition of copper (II) had no impact. Additionally, dose-responsive changes in lipid distribution were observed, with the percent of oleic acid increasing and stearic acid decreasing as initial iron concentration increased. These changes were reversible with subsequent iron-selective chelation. Use of rich Yeast Peptone Dextrose (YPD) medium enabled further increases in the production of two specialty oleochemicals ultimately reaching 63 and 47% of the lipid pool as alpha-linolenic acid and cyclopropane fatty acid, respectively, compared to YSC medium. Selective removal of iron (II) natively present in YPD medium decreased this oleochemical production, ultimately aligning the lipid profile with that of non-supplemented YSC medium. These results provide further insight into the proposed mechanisms for iron regulation in yeasts especially as these productions strains contain a mutant allele of the iron regulator, mga2. The work presented here also suggests a non-genetic method for control of the lipid profile in Y. lipolytica for use in diverse applications.