A New Method of Apportionment of Representatives
A New Method of Apportionment of Representatives
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代表分配的新方法
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通讯作者：
E. V. Huntington
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作者：
E. V. Huntington
关于目前的分配问题，美国宪法中唯一的规定是：“代表应根据各州各自的人数在各州之间分配，计算每个州的总人数，不包括未纳税的印第安人。”“点算应在十年内……每……期限内进行。”众议员的人数不得超过每三万人一名，但每个州至少应有一名代表。由于分数表示似乎是不可能的，问题是如何分配任何给定总数(N)的表示？在这几个州中，句子与人口的比例“尽可能接近”。换句话说，首先考虑两个状态的情况，问题是如何最接近由比例A：B：：A：B表示的条件，
The only provisions of the United States Constitution which bear on the present problem of apportionment are the following: "Repre? sentatives shall be apportioned among the several states according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed." "The enumeration shall be made within . . . every . . . term of ten years." "The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every 30,000, but each state shall have at least one representative." Since fractional representation appears to be out of the question, the problem is how to distribute any given total number (N) of repre? sentatives among the several states in proportion to their populations "as nearly as may be." In other words, considering first the case of two states, the problem is how to approximate most closely to the condition expressed by the proportion A : B :: a : b,