"It Was Like I Lost Everything": The Harmful Impacts of Homeless-Targeted Policies
"It Was Like I Lost Everything": The Harmful Impacts of Homeless-Targeted Policies
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DOI：
10.1080/10511482.2018.1424723
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Umemoto, Karen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Darrah-Okike, Jennifer;Soakai, Sarah;Umemoto, Karen
为了应对全国各地的住房危机，许多地方正在实施针对无家可归者的政策，试图通过禁止在公园和人行道等公共场所坐着、躺着、睡觉和存放财物来规范公共空间。我们称这些社会空间控制政策为。我们的研究调查了火奴鲁鲁市此类政策的直接影响，该市因针对无家可归者的法律措施而臭名昭著。我们采访了住在公共场所临时避难所的70户家庭的成员，他们都经历过城市条例的执行，比如收到传票或被城市特工强行转移。我们的数据揭示了三种相互关联的方式，即执行静坐和滋扰政策伤害无家可归者家庭。(A)我们的受访者描述了感到受到城市特工的非人化和不公平对待。因此，我们认为，强制执行既催化了公民排斥，也催化了社会排斥。(B)第二，该市没收财产造成物质困难，并对工作、教育和获得服务造成障碍。最后，(C)受访者的叙述表明，强制执行会引发持久的担忧、恐惧、焦虑和绝望。
In response to housing crises across the country, many localities are implementing homeless-targeted policies that attempt to regulate public space by prohibiting sitting, lying, sleeping, and storing property in public places such as parks and sidewalks. We term these sociospatial control policies. Our research investigates the direct impacts of such policies in the city of Honolulu, which had become notorious for legal measures targeting homeless residents. We interviewed members of 70 households living in temporary shelters in public spaces, all of whom had experienced enforcement of city ordinances, such as receiving citations or being forcibly moved by city agents. Our data revealed three interconnected ways that enforcements of sit-lie and nuisance policies harmed homeless households. (a) Our respondents described feeling dehumanized and treated unfairly by city agents. We therefore argue that enforcement catalyzed both civic and social exclusion. (b) Second, the city's confiscation of property spurred material hardship and posed obstacles to work, education, and access to services. And, finally, (c) respondents' narratives revealed that enforcements provoked lasting worry, fear, anxiety, and despair.