Gallstones play a significant role in Salmonella spp. gallbladder colonization and carriage
Gallstones play a significant role in Salmonella spp. gallbladder colonization and carriage
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1000862107
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发表时间：
2010-03-02
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Gunn, John S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crawford, Robert W.;Rosales-Reyes, Roberto;Gunn, John S.
伤寒沙门氏菌可定植于胆囊，并持续处于无症状的携带者状态，这种状态经常与胆结石的存在有关。我们已经证明，在体外，沙门氏菌在人体胆结石和胆固醇涂层表面形成胆汁介导的生物膜。在这里，我们测试了这样一种假设，即胆固醇胆结石上的生物膜促进了小鼠和人的伤寒携带。自然耐受(Nramp1(+/+))小鼠喂食致石饮食会形成胆固醇结石，在持续的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染期间支持生物膜的形成，结果显示粪便排出增加，胆汁组织和胆汁的定植增加。在伤寒流行的墨西哥城，5%的登记胆石症患者携带伤寒血清，这些携带者的胆结石上可以看到细菌生物膜，而感染大肠杆菌的胆结石上没有检测到显著的生物膜。这些发现提供了直接证据，表明人类和小鼠体内存在胆结石生物膜，这有助于胆结石的定植和脱落。
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi can colonize the gallbladder and persist in an asymptomatic carrier state that is frequently associated with the presence of gallstones. We have shown that salmonellae form bile-mediated biofilms on human gallstones and cholesterol-coated surfaces in vitro. Here, we test the hypothesis that biofilms on cholesterol gallbladder stones facilitate typhoid carriage in mice and men. Naturally resistant (Nramp1(+/+)) mice fed a lithogenic diet developed cholesterol gallstones that supported biofilm formation during persistent serovar Typhimurium infection and, as a result, demonstrated enhanced fecal shedding and enhanced colonization of gallbladder tissue and bile. In typhoid endemic Mexico City, 5% of enrolled cholelithiasis patients carried serovar Typhi, and bacterial biofilms could be visualized on gallstones from these carriers whereas significant biofilms were not detected on gallstones from Escherichia coli infected gallbladders. These findings offer direct evidence that gallstone biofilms occur in humans and mice, which facilitate gallbladder colonization and shedding.