Time trends of cigarette and waterpipe smoking among a cohort of school children in Irbid, Jordan, 2008-11
Time trends of cigarette and waterpipe smoking among a cohort of school children in Irbid, Jordan, 2008-11
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DOI：
10.1093/eurpub/ckt140
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Maziak, Wasim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McKelvey, Karma L.;Wilcox, Meredith L.;Maziak, Wasim
背景：在许多发达国家，协调的高影响干预措施和社区层面吸烟行为规范的改变有效地降低了青少年吸烟率。约旦青少年的吸烟趋势可能与西方同龄人不同，必须在他们的日常生活背景下加以了解，以便为这种情况下的青少年量身定制干预措施。方法：2008 - 2011年间，在约旦伊尔比德进行了一项以学校为基础的纵向研究。随机选择19所学校（60所学校）的所有七年级学生，每年进行一次调查，为期4年。研究的结果是吸烟行为的时间趋势、开始吸烟的年龄和吸烟频率的变化。结果：在1781名参与者中，男孩当前吸烟（香烟或水烟）的基线患病率为22.9%，女孩为8.7%。每年曾经吸烟和目前吸烟、吸烟、水烟和双烟/水烟的患病率在男孩中显著高于女孩（P < 0.001）。在所有吸烟方法（单吸烟、卷烟、水烟和双烟）中，吸烟流行率在第2年后逐年增加（P < 0.05）。在所有时间点，无论男孩还是女孩，水烟吸烟的流行率都高于吸烟（P < 0.001）。结论：本研究显示了伊尔比德约旦青年早期的密集吸烟模式，其特点是水烟吸烟占主导地位，吸烟的年龄相关增加幅度较大。它还指出，水烟可能是向青少年介绍烟草的最受欢迎的方法，也是烟草依赖和吸烟的工具。
Background: Coordinated high-impact interventions and community-level changes in smoking behaviour norms effectively reduced prevalence of smoking among youth in many developed countries. Smoking trends among Jordanian adolescents are likely different than their Western counterparts and must be understood in the context of their daily lives to tailor interventions specifically for adolescents in this setting. Methods: Between 2008 and 2011, a school-based longitudinal study was conducted in Irbid, Jordan. All seventh-grade students in 19 randomly selected schools (of 60) were surveyed annually for 4 years. Outcomes of interest were time trends in smoking behaviour, age at initiation and change in frequency of smoking. Results: Among 1781 participants, baseline prevalence of current smoking (cigarettes or waterpipe) for boys was 22.9% and 8.7% for girls. Prevalence of ever-smoking and current any smoking, cigarette smoking, waterpipe smoking and dual cigarette/waterpipe smoking was significantly higher in boys than girls each year (P < 0.001). Smoking prevalence increased every year after year 2 for current smoking (P < 0.05) across all methods (any, cigarette, waterpipe and dual). At all time points for both boys and girls, prevalence of waterpipe smoking was higher than that of cigarette smoking (P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study shows intensive smoking patterns at early ages among Jordanian youth in Irbid, characterized by a predominance of waterpipe smoking and steeper age-related increase in cigarette smoking. It also points to the possibility of waterpipe being the favourite method for introducing youth to tobacco, as well as being a vehicle for tobacco dependence and cigarette smoking.