Avian Interferons and Their Antiviral Effectors.
Avian Interferons and Their Antiviral Effectors.
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鸟类干扰素及其抗病毒效应子。
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2017.00049
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Munir M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Santhakumar D;Rubbenstroth D;Martinez-Sobrido L;Munir M
干扰素（IFN）应答是由无数IFN刺激基因（ISG）介导的最深刻的针对病毒的先天免疫应答。累积起来，这些IFN效应物建立多层抗病毒状态，以保护宿主免受入侵的病毒病原体。哺乳动物干扰素及其效应子的遗传和功能研究已经取得了相当多的成果，我们对鸟类干扰素的了解也开始扩大。类似于哺乳动物的对应物，三种类型的干扰素已在大多数鸟类物种的遗传特征与可用的注释基因组。有趣的是，鸡能够安装强大的先天性免疫反应后，在各种刺激的IFN途径，包括视黄酸诱导基因I，IFN调节因子3（IRF3），和可能性IRF9的基本组成部分的情况下。了解鸡IFN系统的这些独特特性将为开发更广泛的兽医和人畜共患重要性病毒的潜在治疗方法提供有价值的靶点。本文综述了鸟类干扰素和ISGs对病毒的作用的最新进展，并强调了重要的研究领域，对我们的理解的干扰素效应器对鸟类病毒感染的抗病毒功能。
Interferon (IFN) responses, mediated by a myriad of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), are the most profound innate immune responses against viruses. Cumulatively, these IFN effectors establish a multilayered antiviral state to safeguard the host against invading viral pathogens. Considerable genetic and functional characterizations of mammalian IFNs and their effectors have been made, and our understanding on the avian IFNs has started to expand. Similar to mammalian counterparts, three types of IFNs have been genetically characterized in most avian species with available annotated genomes. Intriguingly, chickens are capable of mounting potent innate immune responses upon various stimuli in the absence of essential components of IFN pathways including retinoic acid-inducible gene I, IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), and possibility IRF9. Understanding these unique properties of the chicken IFN system would propose valuable targets for the development of potential therapeutics for a broader range of viruses of both veterinary and zoonotic importance. This review outlines recent developments in the roles of avian IFNs and ISGs against viruses and highlights important areas of research toward our understanding of the antiviral functions of IFN effectors against viral infections in birds.