Comparison of Near- and Far-Field Supercell Inflow Environments Using Radiosonde Observations
Comparison of Near- and Far-Field Supercell Inflow Environments Using Radiosonde Observations
复制标题
使用无线电探空仪观测比较近场和远场超级单体流入环境
作者：
A. Wade;M. Coniglio;C. Ziegler
大量的研究集中在中尺度环境如何影响对流风暴，但对超级单体如何改变附近环境的了解相对较少。来自三个现场实验的探测结果被用来研究超级单体雷暴的近距离和远距离流入的差异。超级单体近距离流入的近距离探测与较远(但仍在流入范围内)释放的近乎同步的探测进行比较。龙卷风旋转起源验证实验(VORTEX2)第二场阶段的几个测深补充了中尺度可预报性实验(MPEX/MiniMPEX)数据集，产生了来自各种龙卷风和非龙卷风超级单体的28个远近流入对。这项研究的重点是对龙卷风超级单体附近的12个远近流入对和非龙卷风超级单体附近的16个远近流入对进行比较。在龙卷风和非龙卷风超级单体的远场中，发现了相似的0-1公里风暴相对螺旋度(SRH01)，这可能是由于平均日计时的不同所致。然而，SRH01在龙卷风超单体的近场中显著增加，而在非龙卷风超单体的近场中没有明显的增加。热力学环境的不同之处包括龙卷风超级单体远场地面上更多的水分(尽管龙卷风和非龙卷风亚群的近地面湿度相似)，以及非龙卷风近流入时地表附近的静力稳定性略有增加。
A great deal of research focuses on how the mesoscale environment influences convective storms, but relatively little is known about how supercells modify the nearby environment. Soundings from three field experiments are used to investigate differences in the near and far inflow of supercell thunderstorms. Close-range soundings in the near inflow of supercells are compared to near-simultaneous soundings released farther away (but still within inflow). Several soundings from the second field phase of the Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment (VORTEX2) supplement the Mesoscale Predictability Experiment (MPEX/MiniMPEX) dataset, resulting in 28 near–far inflow pairs from a wide variety of tornadic and nontornadic supercells. The focus of this study is on a comparison of a subset of 12 near–far inflow pairs taken near tornadic supercells and 16 near–far inflow pairs taken near nontornadic supercells. Similar values of 0–1-km storm-relative helicity (SRH01) are found in the far field of the tornadic and nontornadic supercells, possibly as a result of a difference in mean diurnal timing. However, SRH01 is found to increase substantially in the near field of the tornadic supercells, but not the nontornadic supercells. Differences in the thermodynamic environment include greater moisture above the ground in the far field of the tornadic supercells (despite similar near-ground moisture in both the tornadic and nontornadic subsets) and a subtle increase in static stability near the surface in the nontornadic near inflow.