Hybrid carbon nanotubes and conductive carbon black in natural rubber composites to enhance electrical conductivity by reducing gaps separating carbon nanotube encapsulates
Hybrid carbon nanotubes and conductive carbon black in natural rubber composites to enhance electrical conductivity by reducing gaps separating carbon nanotube encapsulates
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.03.029
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Nakason, Charoen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nakaramontri, Yeampon;Pichaiyut, Skulrat;Nakason, Charoen
采用碳纳米管（CNT）、导电炭黑（CCB）和CNT/CCB杂化填料3种炭基填料制备了填充天然橡胶（NR）硫化胶。从硫化过程中的形态、Payne效应和填料分散等方面研究了填料在NR基体中的形成。此外，基于温度扫描应力松弛（TSSR）估计润湿能力。结果发现，NR-CNT复合材料比NR-CCB复合材料具有更高的界面能。这改善了CNT/CCB混杂填充NR硫化胶中CNT的排列。此外，一个显着的增加，发现在最佳的导电性的混合复合材料与5份CNT和7.5份CCB。这可能是由于高电子隧穿时，碳纳米管封装的CCB聚集体桥接。CNT/CCB组合显著地将颗粒间间隙从6 nm减小到2 nm，给出了形成三维填料网络的非常低的逾渗阈值浓度。此外，方差分析的统计分析表明，填料类型和负载的复合材料的相对电导率的主要因素，低于和高于逾渗阈值。
Filled natural rubber (NR) vulcanizates were prepared with three types of carbon based filler, namely carbon nanotubes (CNT), conductive carbon black (CCB), and CNT/CCB hybrid filler. The formations of fillers in the NR matrix were investigated from the morphology during vulcanization, the Payne effect, and filler dispersion. Furthermore, the wetting ability was estimated based on temperature scanning stress relaxation (TSSR). It was found that the NR-CNT composite showed higher interfacial energy than the NR-CCB composite. This improved the arrangement of CNT in the CNT/CCB hybrid filled NR vulcanizates. Also, a significant increase was found in the optimal conductivity of the hybrid composites with 5 phr CNT and 7.5 phr CCB. This might be attributed to high electron tunneling when the CNT encapsulates are bridged by CCB aggregates. The CNT/CCB combination significantly reduced the inter-particle gaps from 6 to 2 nm, giving very low percolation threshold concentration at which three-dimensional filler networks form. In addition, statistical analysis by ANOVA revealed that the filler type and loading are the principal factors contributing to the relative conductivity of composites, both below and above the percolation threshold.