Origins of "Us" versus "Them": Pre linguistic infants prefer similar others
Origins of "Us" versus "Them": Pre linguistic infants prefer similar others
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2012.05.003
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Wynn, Karen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mahajan, Neha;Wynn, Karen
人类心理学的一个中心特征是我们普遍倾向于将社会世界划分为“我们”和“他们”。我们更喜欢与相似的人交往，而不是与不同的人交往，优先将资源分配给相似的人，并对相似的人持有更积极的信念。在这里，我们调查这些偏见的发展起源，询问是否偏好类似的其他发生之前，语言和广泛接触的文化规范。我们证明，像成年人一样，语言前婴儿更喜欢那些与自己有着微不足道的相似之处的人，这些偏好似乎反映了一个认知比较过程（“像我”/“不像我”）。然而，与成年人不同，婴儿似乎并不喜欢与自己完全任意相似的人。总之，这些发现表明，内群体偏见现象，以及对那些与我们相似的人的人际吸引力增强，可能源于对自我相似性的固有偏好，而这种偏好本身可能在发展过程中受到文化价值观的影响而增强。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
A central feature of human psychology is our pervasive tendency to divide the social world into "us" and "them". We prefer to associate with those who are similar to us over those who are different, preferentially allocate resources to similar others, and hold more positive beliefs about similar others. Here we investigate the developmental origins of these biases, asking if preference for similar others occurs prior to language and extensive exposure to cultural norms. We demonstrate that, like adults, prelinguistic infants prefer those who share even trivial similarities with themselves, and these preferences appear to reflect a cognitive comparison process ("like me"/"not like me"). However, unlike adults, infants do not appear to prefer others with an utterly arbitrary similarity to themselves. Together, these findings suggest that the phenomena of ingroup bias, and enhanced interpersonal attraction toward those who resemble ourselves, may be rooted in an inherent preference for similarity to self, which itself may be enhanced during development by the influence of cultural values. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.