Actually existing smart citizens: expertise and (non)participation in the making of the smart city
Actually existing smart citizens: expertise and (non)participation in the making of the smart city
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实际存在的智慧公民：智慧城市建设中的专业知识和（非）参与
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Lodato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Taylor Shelton;T. Lodato
为了回应世界各地对新兴“智慧城市”战略的批评，许多个人和机构试图从智慧城市的讨论转向关注“智慧公民”。虽然智慧公民通常被视为对那些在文献中受到广泛批评的、更为刻板的自上而下、新自由主义和压制性的智慧城市愿景的一种衬托，但本文主张关注“实际存在的智慧公民”，它在实践中扮演着更混乱、更矛盾的角色。本文提出了“普通公民”和“缺席公民”的双重形象，作为一种启发式思考，在智慧城市的实际建设中，公民的包容和排斥的界限是如何在话语和物质上被划定的。这些数字旨在突出“公民”这一普遍和未指明的数字是如何被用于论证智慧城市政策的，而与此同时，实际公民在很大程度上仍被排除在此类决策和政策制定过程之外。通过对佐治亚州亚特兰大市及其正在进行的智慧城市倡议的案例研究，我们认为，尽管公民的参与对任何真正民主的城市治理模式都至关重要，但围绕智慧公民承诺的新兴话语未能捕捉到公民如何实际讨论和参与这些政策制定的现实。
In response to the mounting criticism of emerging ‘smart cities’ strategies around the world, a number of individuals and institutions have attempted to pivot from discussions of smart cities towards a focus on ‘smart citizens’. While the smart citizen is most often seen as a kind of foil for those more stereotypically top-down, neoliberal, and repressive visions of the smart city that have been widely critiqued within the literature, this paper argues for an attention to the ‘actually existing smart citizen’, which plays a much messier and more ambivalent role in practice. This paper proposes the dual figures of ‘the general citizen’ and ‘the absent citizen’ as a heuristic for thinking about how the lines of inclusion and exclusion are drawn for citizens, both discursively and materially, in the actual making of the smart city. These figures are meant to highlight how the universal and unspecified figure of ‘the citizen’ is discursively deployed to justify smart city policies, while at the same time, actual citizens remain largely excluded from such decision and policy-making processes. Using a case study of Atlanta, Georgia and its ongoing smart cities initiatives, we argue that while the participation of citizens is crucial to any truly democratic mode of urban governance, the emerging discourse around the promise of smart citizenship fails to capture the realities of how citizens are actually discussed and enrolled in the making of these policies.