Multiple Sociodemographic and Socioenvironmental Characteristics Are Correlated with Major Patterns of Dietary Intake in Adolescents
Multiple Sociodemographic and Socioenvironmental Characteristics Are Correlated with Major Patterns of Dietary Intake in Adolescents
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jada.2010.10.052
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Neumark-Sztainer, Dianne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cutler, Gretchen J.;Flood, Andrew;Neumark-Sztainer, Dianne
目的探讨青少年饮食习惯与社会人口学和社会环境的关系。本研究的横断面/前瞻性研究数据来源于以人群为基础的研究项目Eat(青少年饮食)。研究对象/设置项目Eat-I(Time 1)收集了1998-1999年间4746名青少年的数据。EAT-II项目(时间2)在5年后的2003-2004年重新调查了最初队列的53%(n=2516)。膳食摄入量使用青少年食物频率问卷进行评估。主要结果测量/统计分析进行了因子分析，确定了时间1(蔬菜、水果、淀粉类食物和零食)和时间2(蔬菜和水果、快餐、淀粉类食物和零食)的四种饮食模式。结果在前瞻性分析中，社会经济地位、家庭用餐频率和家庭健康食品的可获得性与蔬菜、水果和淀粉类食物模式呈正相关，而与快餐模式呈负相关。家庭可获得的不健康食物与蔬菜、水果和淀粉类食物模式呈负相关，与快餐和零食模式呈正相关。母亲、父亲和同伴对健康饮食的支持与蔬菜和水果模式呈正相关，与快餐模式呈负相关。在横断面分析中也发现了类似的相关性。结论确定了饮食模式的多个相关性。卫生专业人员应针对这些因素，通过鼓励父母减少家庭提供的不健康食品，同时增加健康食品的供应、家庭用餐频率和父母对健康饮食的支持，来改善青少年习惯性饮食的饮食质量。美国饮食协会。2011；111：230-240。
Background Few studies have used dietary pattern analysis, a useful method to summarize dietary intake, in adolescents.Objective Examine sociodemographic and socioenvironmental correlates of habitual dietary patterns.Design Data for this cross-sectional/prospective analysis were drawn from Project EAT (Eating Among Teens), a population-based study.Subjects/setting Project EAT-I (Time 1), collected data on 4,746 adolescents in 1998-1999. Project EAT-II (Time 2) resurveyed 53% (n=2,516) of the original cohort 5 years later in 2003-2004. Dietary intake was assessed using the Youth/Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire.Main outcome measures/statistical analysis performed Factor analysis identified four dietary patterns at Time 1 (vegetable, fruit, starchy food, and snack food) and Time 2 (vegetable and fruit, fast food, starchy food, and snack food). Linear regression was used to examine the relationship of Time 1 socioeconomic status and race (mutually adjusted) on factor scores for each dietary pattern, and then of Time 1 socioenvironmental characteristics (adjusted for socioeconomic status and race) on these factor scores.Results In prospective analyses, socioeconomic status, family meal frequency, and home availability of healthy food were positively associated with the vegetable and fruit and starchy food patterns and inversely associated with the fast food pattern. Home availability of unhealthy food was inversely associated with the vegetable and fruit and starchy food patterns and positively associated with the fast food and snack food patterns. Maternal, paternal, and peer support for healthy eating were positively associated with the vegetable and fruit pattern and inversely associated with the fast food pattern. Similar associations were seen in cross-sectional analyses.Conclusions Multiple correlates of dietary patterns were identified. Health professionals should target these factors to improve the dietary quality of habitual eating practices in adolescents by encouraging parents to decrease home availability of unhealthy food while increasing availability of healthy food, family meal frequency, and parental support for healthy eating. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011;111:230-240.