The Unity of the Proposition
The Unity of the Proposition
复制标题
命题的统一性
DOI：
10.1353/hph.1992.0024
复制
发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
L. Linsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Linsky
罗素的《数学原理》中一个持久的主题是命题的统一性。建议离子是其成分的组合离子（"复合物"），但并非所有复合物都是建议离子。例如，许多类是概念B的组合，但它们不是建议，因为许多类只是缺乏建议的特征统一性。罗素说："在一个数目众多的类中，组合项虽然具有某种统一性，但它们对于一个整体所具有的统一性是不足的。事实上，他们的团结仅仅是为了使他们众多，而不足以防止他们更多。罗素在《原理》中提出的形而上学的一个中心概念是项的概念。对于未来雷森时代的读者来说，"特"这个词将被用来指代文字。但这不是罗素在《原理》中的意思。"任何可能是事物的对象，或可能出现在任何芸香或错误的命题中，或可以被理解为一个，我称之为术语。这是哲学词汇中最广泛的词。我将把它作为单位、个人和实体的同义词。. . .一个人、一个词、一个数、一个类、一个关系、一个镜像或任何其他可以被提及的东西，肯定是一个术语。"4命题是一个单位，而类是一个术语的组合，这种组合不是零单位，也不是一个芸香单位。对于这种复合物，罗素说，"这种组合是多种物质的组合，
A PERSISTENT THEME in Russell 's Principles of Mathematics ~ concerns the unity of the proposition. Proposi t ions are combina t ions ("complexes") o f thei r consti tuents, bu t not all complexes are proposi t ions . For example , classes as many are combinat ions o f the i r m e m b e r s but they are not proposi t ions, for classes as many are jus t m a n y q t h e y lack the characterist ic unity o f proposi t ions. , Russell says, " In a class as many , the c o m p o n e n t terms, though they have some kind o f unity, have less than is r equ i red fo r a whole. T h e y have, in fact, jus t so m u c h unity as is r equ i red to m a k e them many, and not enough to p reven t t hem f rom remain ing many."s A central concep t in Russell 's metaphysics o f proposi t ions in Principles is the concept o f a term. For p resen t -day readers , the t e r m " te rm" will be u n d e r stood to re fe r to words. But that is not Russell 's mean ing in Principles. "What ever may be an object o f though t , o r may occur in any t rue or false proposi tion, o r can be coun ted as one, I call a term. This is the widest word in the philosophical vocabulary. I shall use it as synonymous with the words unit, individual, and enti ty . . . . A man , a m o m e n t , a number , a class, a relation, a ch imera , or any th ing else that can be ment ioned , is sure to be a term."4 A proposi t ion is a u n i t i t is one, while the class as m a n y is a m e r e combination o f terms, which combina t ion is not 0nc -no t uni tary, not a t rue unit . O f such complexes Russell says, " T h e combinat ions are combinat ions o f te rms,