Gender differences in the utilization of health care services.
Gender differences in the utilization of health care services.
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发表时间：
2000-02
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通讯作者：
K. Bertakis;R. Azari;L. Helms;E. Callahan;J. Robbins
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作者：
K. Bertakis;R. Azari;L. Helms;E. Callahan;J. Robbins
研究表明，妇女比男子使用更多的保健服务。我们使用了重要的独立变量，如患者的社会人口统计学和健康状况，调查这些服务的使用和成本的性别差异。方法：新的成人患者（N = 509）被随机分配到一所大学医学中心的初级保健医生。他们使用的医疗保健服务和相关费用进行了监测1年的护理。使用医疗结局研究简表-36（SF-36）测量自我报告的健康状况。在统计分析中，我们控制了健康状况、社会人口统计学信息和初级保健医生专业。结果女性自我报告的健康状况显著低于男性，平均教育和收入也低于男性。妇女到初级保健诊所和诊断服务机构就诊的平均次数明显高于男子。妇女的初级保健、专科保健、急诊、诊断服务的平均费用和年度总费用都明显高于男子;但是，平均住院次数或住院费用没有差异。在控制了健康状况、社会人口统计学和诊所分配后，除住院治疗外，妇女的所有类别的医疗费用仍然较高。结论女性的医疗服务利用率高于男性，相关费用也高于男性。虽然这些差异的适当性尚未确定，但这些发现对医疗保健有影响。
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that women use more health care services than men. We used important independent variables, such as patient sociodemographics and health status, to investigate gender differences in the use and costs of these services. METHODS New adult patients (N = 509) were randomly assigned to primary care physicians at a university medical center. Their use of health care services and associated charges were monitored for 1 year of care. Self-reported health status was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36). We controlled for health status, sociodemographic information, and primary care physician specialty in the statistical analyses. RESULTS Women had significantly lower self-reported health status and lower mean education and income than men. Women had a significantly higher mean number of visits to their primary care clinic and diagnostic services than men. Mean charges for primary care, specialty care, emergency treatment, diagnostic services, and annual total charges were all significantly higher for women than men; however, there were no differences for mean hospitalizations or hospital charges. After controlling for health status, sociodemographics, and clinic assignment, women still had higher medical charges for all categories of charges except hospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS Women have higher medical care service utilization and higher associated charges than men. Although the appropriateness of these differences was not determined, these findings have implications for health care.