Prediction and Mismatch Negativity Responses Reflect Impairments in Action Semantic Processing in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Prediction and Mismatch Negativity Responses Reflect Impairments in Action Semantic Processing in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2019.00395
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发表时间：
2019-11-14
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Mohr, Bettina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grisoni, Luigi;Moseley, Rachel L.;Mohr, Bettina
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中运动和语言障碍的神经生理机制仍不清楚。研究声音加工、动作语义理解和预测编码的生物学指标及其与ASD临床症状的相关性。22名成年高功能ASD患者和25名典型发育型（TD）参与者分别进行了听觉、被动倾听、错配负性（MMN）任务，同时记录了高密度脑电图（EEG）。动作词和非动作词是在声音的语境中呈现的，这些声音要么在语义上与它们所涉及的身体部位一致，要么在语义上不一致或不相关。声音发作前的预期活动，预测电位（PP），在ASD组中显著降低，特别是对于动作声音，而不是对于非动作声音。对单词的早期mmn样反应（潜伏期：120毫秒）在各组之间的调节是不同的：对照组在动作声音环境中对单词的反应幅度比非动作声音环境大，而ASD参与者仅在纯音环境中表现出扩大的早期mmn样反应，没有其他依赖于动作声音环境的调节。刺激开始后560毫秒左右的晚mmn样反应显示，对照组参与者对单词的身体部分一致动作语义启动，而ASD组则没有。重要的是，自闭症谱系商（Autism Spectrum Quotient， AQ）揭示了自闭症参与者语义启动的神经生理指标与自闭症特征的程度相关。数据表明，高功能成人自闭症患者在与动作相关的声音和单词的语义处理和预测编码方面存在特殊缺陷，而中性、非动作的声音则不存在这种缺陷。
The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor and language difficulties in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are still largely unclear. The present work investigates biological indicators of sound processing, (action-) semantic understanding and predictive coding and their correlation with clinical symptoms of ASD. Twenty-two adults with high-functioning ASD and 25 typically developed (TD) participants engaged in an auditory, passive listening, Mismatch Negativity (MMN) task while high-density electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. Action and non-action words were presented in the context of sounds, which were either semantically congruent with regard to the body part they relate to or semantically incongruent or unrelated. The anticipatory activity before sound onset, the Prediction Potential (PP), was significantly reduced in the ASD group specifically for action, but not for non-action sounds. The early-MMN-like responses to words (latency: 120 ms) were differentially modulated across groups: controls showed larger amplitudes for words in action-sound compared to non-action contexts, whereas ASD participants demonstrated enlarged early-MMN-like responses only in a pure tone context, with no other modulation dependent on action sound context. Late-MMN-like responses around 560 ms post-stimulus onset revealed body-part-congruent action-semantic priming for words in control participants, but not in the ASD group. Importantly, neurophysiological indices of semantic priming in ASD participants correlated with the extent of autistic traits as revealed by the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). The data suggest that high-functioning adults with ASD show a specific deficit in semantic processing and predictive coding of sounds and words related to action, which is absent for neutral, non-action, sounds.