Imaging molecular dynamics in vivo – from cell biology to animal models
Imaging molecular dynamics in vivo – from cell biology to animal models
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DOI：
10.1242/jcs.085191
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发表时间：
2011-09
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
P. Timpson;E. McGhee;K. Anderson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Timpson;E. McGhee;K. Anderson
荧光显微镜的发展使得在培养中生长的活细胞中在分子水平上研究膜扩散、细胞粘附和信号转导成为可能。相比之下，活生物体中的成像主要限于组织中细胞的定位和动态。现在，分子动力学成像正处于从细胞培养到活组织的发展过程中。这种转变是由微环境决定许多发育和病理过程的理解驱动的。在这里，我们回顾了荧光蛋白成像在体内的进展，主要是在小鼠癌症相关的研究。我们强调需要的技术，可以很容易地结合遗传模型和补充荧光蛋白成像提供有关细胞环境的上下文信息。在这篇评论中，我们将考虑在体外和体内实验设计之间的差异，并主张在体内成像的方法是建立在使用中间系统，如3-D和外植体培养模型，它提供了灵活性和控制，并不总是在体内。总的来说，这些方法呈现了向疾病的动物模型中的疾病和治疗的分子水平调查的范式转变。
Advances in fluorescence microscopy have enabled the study of membrane diffusion, cell adhesion and signal transduction at the molecular level in living cells grown in culture. By contrast, imaging in living organisms has primarily been restricted to the localization and dynamics of cells in tissues. Now, imaging of molecular dynamics is on the cusp of progressing from cell culture to living tissue. This transition has been driven by the understanding that the microenvironment critically determines many developmental and pathological processes. Here, we review recent progress in fluorescent protein imaging in vivo by drawing primarily on cancer-related studies in mice. We emphasize the need for techniques that can be easily combined with genetic models and complement fluorescent protein imaging by providing contextual information about the cellular environment. In this Commentary we will consider differences between in vitro and in vivo experimental design and argue for an approach to in vivo imaging that is built upon the use of intermediate systems, such as 3-D and explant culture models, which offer flexibility and control that is not always available in vivo. Collectively, these methods present a paradigm shift towards the molecular-level investigation of disease and therapy in animal models of disease.