TRANSALP—deep crustal Vibroseis and explosive seismic profiling in the Eastern Alps
TRANSALP—deep crustal Vibroseis and explosive seismic profiling in the Eastern Alps
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tecto.2005.10.014
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发表时间：
2006-02
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
E. Lüschen;D. Borrini;H. Gebrande;B. Lammerer;K. Millahn;F. Neubauer;R. Nicolich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Lüschen;D. Borrini;H. Gebrande;B. Lammerer;K. Millahn;F. Neubauer;R. Nicolich
由意大利、奥地利和德国的机构组成的Transalp财团于1998年、1999年和2001年在慕尼黑和威尼斯之间的东阿尔卑斯山进行了深度地震反射测量。为了在分辨率和深度范围上相辅相成，可控震源技术与同步爆炸源测量相结合。此外，被动交叉线记录提供了三维控制和可选的南北段。在仅有一种方法不太成功的部门或深度，通过三种方法的组合获得利润。Transalp剖面清楚地描绘了北部阿尔卑斯山前缘地带的薄皮肤构造推覆体，欧洲基底内意想不到的地块或半地堑构造，以及白云岩山脉下方南部前缘地带的厚皮背冲。地壳尺度上的双向构造是从阿尔卑斯山轴线指向外部的。陶尔窗明显地在向南倾斜的深达反射图案上方形成了上盘斜坡背斜，解释为构造斜坡，陶尔窗的彭宁单元沿着该构造斜坡向上推覆。上层的结晶壳一般看起来是透明的。欧洲大陆的下地壳具有6-7千米厚的层状结构。在亚得里亚海一侧，下地壳表现出更厚的或双重反射模式。约55公里深的地壳根部相对于阿尔卑斯山主峰向南移动约50公里。
The TRANSALP consortium, comprising institutions from Italy, Austria and Germany, carried out deep seismic reflection measurements in the Eastern Alps between Munich and Venice in 1998, 1999 and 2001. In order to complement each other in resolution and depth range, the Vibroseis technique was combined with simultaneous explosive source measurements. Additionally, passive cross-line recording provided three-dimensional control and alternative north–south sections. Profits were obtained by the combination of the three methods in sectors or depths where one method alone was less successful. The TRANSALP sections clearly image a thin-skinned wedge of tectonic nappes at the northern Alpine front zone, unexpected graben or half-graben structures within the European basement, and, thick-skinned back-thrusting in the southern frontal zone beneath the Dolomite Mountains. A bi-vergent structure at crustal scale is directed from the Alpine axis to the external parts. The Tauern Window obviously forms the hanging wall ramp anticline above a southward dipping, deep reaching reflection pattern interpreted as a tectonic ramp along which the Penninic units of the Tauern Window have been up-thrusted. The upper crystalline crust appears generally transparent. The lower crust in the European domain is characterized by a 6–7 km thick laminated structure. On the Adriatic side the lower crust displays a much thicker or twofold reflective pattern. The crustal root at about 55 km depth is shifted around 50 km to the south with respect to the main Alpine crest.