Effects of elevated ozone concentration on yield of four Chinese cultivars of winter wheat under fully open‐air field conditions
Effects of elevated ozone concentration on yield of four Chinese cultivars of winter wheat under fully open‐air field conditions
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02400.x
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发表时间：
2011-08
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Xinkai Zhu;Zhaozhong Feng;Tao-fang Sun;Xiao-cheng Liu;Haoye Tang;Jianguo Zhu;Wenshan Guo;K. Kobayashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xinkai Zhu;Zhaozhong Feng;Tao-fang Sun;Xiao-cheng Liu;Haoye Tang;Jianguo Zhu;Wenshan Guo;K. Kobayashi
2007 年至 2009 年，四个现代冬小麦品种 (Triticum aestivum L.) 在中国完全露天的田间条件下连续三个生长季在高臭氧浓度 (E-O3) 下生长。结果表明，比环境臭氧浓度（A-O3，45.7 p.p.b.）平均增加 25% 会导致谷物产量显着降低 20%，变化范围为 10% 至 10%。品种和季节组合中占 35%。当通过省略一个在季节中对 E-O3 表现出不稳定响应的品种进行方差分析时，对 E-O3 的产量响应的品种差异变得不显着。单粒质量的减少主要是E-O3造成的产量损失，并且品种之间表现出显着差异。 E-O3 相对产量的响应与中国、欧洲和印度根据开顶室实验报告的结果没有显着差异。因此，我们的研究结果证实，在不久的将来，表面 O3 对全球小麦生产的威胁将日益加剧。迫切需要采取各种对策来应对 O3 造成的农作物损失，例如通过严格污染控制来缓解地表 O3 的增加，以及通过育种和管理增强小麦对 O3 的耐受性。
Four modern cultivars of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown under elevated ozone concentration (E‐O3) in fully open‐air field conditions in China for three consecutive growth seasons from 2007 to 2009. Results indicated that a mean 25% enhancement above the ambient ozone concentration (A‐O3, 45.7 p.p.b.) significantly reduced the grain yield by 20% with significant variation in the range from 10% to 35% among the combinations of cultivar and season. The varietal difference in the yield response to E‐O3 became nonsignificant when the anova was done by omitting one cultivar which showed unstable response to E‐O3 among the seasons. The reduction of individual grain mass accounted mostly for the yield loss by E‐O3, and showed significant difference between the cultivars. The response of relative yield to E‐O3 was not significantly different from those reported in China, Europe and India on the basis of experiments in open‐top chambers. Our results thus confirmed the rising threat of surface O3 on wheat production worldwide in the near future. Various countermeasures are urgently needed against the crop losses due to O3 such as mitigation of the increase in surface O3 with stricter pollution control, and enhancement of the wheat tolerance against O3 by breeding and management.