The golden beauty: brain response to classical and renaissance sculptures.
The golden beauty: brain response to classical and renaissance sculptures.
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黄金美：大脑对古典和文艺复兴时期雕塑的反应。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0001201
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发表时间：
2007-11-21
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Rizzolatti, Giacomo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Di Dio, Cinzia;Macaluso, Emiliano;Rizzolatti, Giacomo
艺术中美的体验是否有客观的、生物学的基础？或者说，审美经验完全是主观的？我们使用功能性磁共振成像技术，通过向那些对艺术批评一无所知的观众展示古典和文艺复兴时期雕塑杰作的图像来解决这个问题。采用比例作为自变量，我们产生了两组刺激：一组由原始雕塑的图像组成;另一组由相同图像的修改版本组成。刺激呈现在三种条件下：观察，审美判断，比例判断。在观察条件下，观众被要求以同样的心态观察图像，就好像他们在博物馆。在另外两个条件下，他们被要求对相同的图像进行美学或比例判断。研究人员进行了两种类型的分析：一种是对比大脑对标准雕塑和修改后的雕塑的反应，另一种是对比每个志愿者对美丽和丑陋雕塑的判断。最引人注目的结果是，相对于修改后的雕塑，对原始雕塑的观察产生了右侧额叶皮层以及一些外侧和内侧皮层区域（外侧枕回、楔前叶和前额区）的激活。在观察条件下，该神经元的激活尤其强烈。最有趣的是，当志愿者被要求给出一个明显的审美判断时，相对于那些被判断为丑陋的图像，被判断为美丽的图像选择性地激活了右侧杏仁核。我们的结论是，在对艺术批评不熟悉的观察者中，美感是由两个不相互排斥的过程介导的：一个是基于皮层神经元组的联合激活，由刺激的内在参数触发，客观美（客观美）;另一个是基于杏仁核的激活，由自己的情感体验驱动（主观美）。
Is there an objective, biological basis for the experience of beauty in art? Or is aesthetic experience entirely subjective? Using fMRI technique, we addressed this question by presenting viewers, naïve to art criticism, with images of masterpieces of Classical and Renaissance sculpture. Employing proportion as the independent variable, we produced two sets of stimuli: one composed of images of original sculptures; the other of a modified version of the same images. The stimuli were presented in three conditions: observation, aesthetic judgment, and proportion judgment. In the observation condition, the viewers were required to observe the images with the same mind-set as if they were in a museum. In the other two conditions they were required to give an aesthetic or proportion judgment on the same images. Two types of analyses were carried out: one which contrasted brain response to the canonical and the modified sculptures, and one which contrasted beautiful vs. ugly sculptures as judged by each volunteer. The most striking result was that the observation of original sculptures, relative to the modified ones, produced activation of the right insula as well as of some lateral and medial cortical areas (lateral occipital gyrus, precuneus and prefrontal areas). The activation of the insula was particularly strong during the observation condition. Most interestingly, when volunteers were required to give an overt aesthetic judgment, the images judged as beautiful selectively activated the right amygdala, relative to those judged as ugly. We conclude that, in observers naïve to art criticism, the sense of beauty is mediated by two non-mutually exclusive processes: one based on a joint activation of sets of cortical neurons, triggered by parameters intrinsic to the stimuli, and the insula (objective beauty); the other based on the activation of the amygdala, driven by one's own emotional experiences (subjective beauty).
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影响因子：
1.3
作者：
COLLINS, DL;NEELIN, P;EVANS, AC
通讯作者：
EVANS, AC
影响因子：
25
作者：
Damasio, AR;Grabowski, TJ;Hichwa, RD
通讯作者：
Hichwa, RD
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Kawabata, H;Zeki, S
通讯作者：
Zeki, S
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0401427101
发表时间：
2004-04-20
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Cela-Conde, CJ;Marty, G;Quesney, F
通讯作者：
Quesney, F
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Friston, KJ
通讯作者：
Friston, KJ