An examination of nursing attitudes and pain management practices.
An examination of nursing attitudes and pain management practices.
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对护理态度和疼痛管理实践的检查。
DOI：
10.1046/j.1523-5394.1998.1998006115.x
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Youngblood,R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dalton,JA;Carlson,J;Mann,JD;Blau,W;Bernard,S;Youngblood,R
PURPOSE这项评估的目的是检验护士的疼痛管理态度和疼痛管理实践之间的关系，并开始探索可能影响这种关系的理论基础。描述研究便利抽样29名在临终关怀或家庭健康环境中工作的注册女护士参加了为期6周的教育计划，每周1天。所有参与者都被要求在计划前5周、计划前5周、计划前立即、计划结束后立即、计划结束后6个月和计划结束后12个月完成癌症疼痛知识问卷和期望调查及疼痛评估问卷。17名参与者在6个月的随访中完成了所有问卷；16名参与者在1年的跟踪中完成了所有问卷。评估个人对疼痛的信念与疼痛的维度和治疗的关系。从深度评估、等量止痛转换、新观念的展示和交流等方面评估进行特定活动的意图和期望。结果护士对疼痛和疼痛管理的态度、信念、意图和期望影响了护士的病人护理和教育活动。那些认为病人应该是无痛的护士和那些同时关注疼痛的维度和治疗的护士实施了更多的疼痛管理活动。一般来说，意图和期望值高的护士进行更多的疼痛管理活动。临床应用尽管护士报告态度发生了变化，对变化的期望很高，但作为新实践方法的倡导者，护士感觉可信度增加，动力增强，但由于时间和协作努力的限制，护士有时发现很难实施新的实践。为了实现新的知识和实现个性化的改变目标，护士必须有足够的时间来分析他们对疼痛的信念与他们解决病人疼痛问题的方法之间的关系。此外，还需要为多学科协作提供更多支持。
PURPOSEThe purpose of this evaluation is to examine the relationship among nurses' pain management attitudes and pain management practices and to begin to explore the theoretical underpinnings that may influence this relationship.DESCRIPTION OF STUDYA convenience sample of 29 female registered nurses working in hospice or home health settings participated in an educational program 1 day per week for 6 weeks. All participants were asked to complete the Cancer Pain Knowledge Inventory and Survey of Expectations and Pain Assessment Questionnaire 5 weeks before, immediately before, immediately after, 6 months after, and 12 months after the program. Seventeen participants completed all questionnaires at the 6‐month follow‐up; 16 participants completed all questionnaires at the 1‐year follow‐up. Personal beliefs about pain were evaluated in relation to the dimensions and treatment of pain. Intentions and expectations to perform specific activities were evaluated in relation to in‐depth assessments, equianalgesic conversions, demonstration of new ideas, and communication.RESULTSNurses' attitudes, beliefs, intentions, and expectations about pain and pain management influenced nurses' patient care and educational activities. Nurses who believed that patients should be pain free and nurses who focused on both the dimensions and treatment of pain implemented more pain management activities. In general, nurses who had high intentions and expectations performed more pain management activities.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONSAlthough nurses reported change in attitude, and high expectancy for change, feelings of increased credibility, and increased motivation as advocates for new approaches to practice, nurses sometimes found it difficult to implement new practices because of constraints in time and collaborative efforts. To implement new knowledge and achieve individualized goals for change, nurses must be allowed adequate time to analyze the relationships between their beliefs about pain and the ways that they solve patients' pain problems. In addition, more support for multidisciplinary collaboration is needed.