Novel ketone diet enhances physical and cognitive performance.
Novel ketone diet enhances physical and cognitive performance.
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DOI：
10.1096/fj.201600773r
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发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Clarke K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Murray AJ;Knight NS;Cole MA;Cochlin LE;Carter E;Tchabanenko K;Pichulik T;Gulston MK;Atherton HJ;Schroeder MA;Deacon RM;Kashiwaya Y;King MT;Pawlosky R;Rawlins JN;Tyler DJ;Griffin JL;Robertson J;Veech RL;Clarke K
酮体是能量效率最高的燃料，每摩尔底物产生的ATP比丙酮酸多，并增加ATP水解释放的自由能。通过高脂肪、低碳水化合物饮食升高循环酮已被用于治疗药物难治性癫痫和神经退行性疾病，如帕金森病。酮也可能是有益的肌肉和大脑在压力的时候，如耐力运动。挑战是通过使用可口的饮食而不改变脂质水平来提高循环酮水平。我们发现，通过给大鼠喂食一种新的酮酯饮食：补充有（R）-3-羟基丁酸（R）-3-羟基丁酯作为30%热量的食物，可以增加血酮水平，降低胆固醇和甘油三酯。在5天内，酮饮食的大鼠在跑步机上比吃补充玉米淀粉或棕榈油的等热量饮食的对照组大鼠多跑32%（P < 0.05）。酮喂养的大鼠完成8臂径向迷宫测试的速度比其他饮食的大鼠快38%，在犯错误之前做出更多正确的决定（P < 0.05）。通过使用[31 P]-NMR光谱法显示，在增加的工作过程中，喂食酮饮食的大鼠的离体灌注心脏比其他饮食的大鼠心脏具有更大的ATP水解自由能。因此，新型酮饮食改善了大鼠的身体表现和认知功能，其节省能量的特性表明，它可能有助于治疗一系列代谢异常的人类疾病。默里A. J.，奈特，N.美国，科尔，M.一、科克林湖E、Carter，E.，Tchabanenko，K.，Pichulik，T.，Gulston，M. K.，Atherton，H. J.，Schroeder，M.一、迪肯河M. J.，Kashiwaya，Y.，金，M。T.，Pawlosky河，罗林斯，J. N. P.的人，泰勒，D. J.，格里芬，J.L.，罗伯逊，J.，维奇河L.，Clarke，K.新型酮饮食可增强身体和认知能力。
Ketone bodies are the most energy-efficient fuel and yield more ATP per mole of substrate than pyruvate and increase the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis. Elevation of circulating ketones via high-fat, low-carbohydrate diets has been used for the treatment of drug-refractory epilepsy and for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease. Ketones may also be beneficial for muscle and brain in times of stress, such as endurance exercise. The challenge has been to raise circulating ketone levels by using a palatable diet without altering lipid levels. We found that blood ketone levels can be increased and cholesterol and triglycerides decreased by feeding rats a novel ketone ester diet: chow that is supplemented with (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate as 30% of calories. For 5 d, rats on the ketone diet ran 32% further on a treadmill than did control rats that ate an isocaloric diet that was supplemented with either corn starch or palm oil (P < 0.05). Ketone-fed rats completed an 8-arm radial maze test 38% faster than did those on the other diets, making more correct decisions before making a mistake (P < 0.05). Isolated, perfused hearts from rats that were fed the ketone diet had greater free energy available from ATP hydrolysis during increased work than did hearts from rats on the other diets as shown by using [31P]-NMR spectroscopy. The novel ketone diet, therefore, improved physical performance and cognitive function in rats, and its energy-sparing properties suggest that it may help to treat a range of human conditions with metabolic abnormalities.—Murray, A. J., Knight, N. S., Cole, M. A., Cochlin, L. E., Carter, E., Tchabanenko, K., Pichulik, T., Gulston, M. K., Atherton, H. J., Schroeder, M. A., Deacon, R. M. J., Kashiwaya, Y., King, M. T., Pawlosky, R., Rawlins, J. N. P., Tyler, D. J., Griffin, J. L., Robertson, J., Veech, R. L., Clarke, K. Novel ketone diet enhances physical and cognitive performance.