Immigrant Legal Status Disparities in Health Among First- and One-point-five-Generation Latinx Immigrants in California
Immigrant Legal Status Disparities in Health Among First- and One-point-five-Generation Latinx Immigrants in California
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DOI：
10.1007/s11113-021-09689-w
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发表时间：
2021-12-13
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Savinar, Robin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hamilton, Erin R.;Patler, Caitlin;Savinar, Robin
限制性的美国移民法和执法通过产生恐惧和压力，扰乱家庭和社区，侵蚀社会和经济福祉，破坏移民健康。移民法和执法造成的不平等和压力也可能在不同法律的地位的移民之间造成健康方面的差异。然而，现有的研究并没有发现一致的证据表明移民的法律的地位在健康方面存在差异，这可能是因为它没有按移民的年龄按世代分列移民。移民和生命历程理论表明，非公民身份对第1.5代移民的健康影响可能比第1代移民更大，第1.5代移民在同一个社会中长大，拒绝承认他们的正式成员身份，而第1代移民在青少年或成年时移民。在这项研究中，我们研究是否有健康的法律的地位差异和之间的第一代和1.5代23，288拉丁裔移民成年人在2005-2017波的加州健康访谈调查。我们发现证据表明，第一代人中心脏病的法律的地位差异，以及第1.5代人中高血压和糖尿病的法律地位差异。两代人中，非公民的自我评估健康状况不佳和痛苦的比例更高。社会经济劣势和有限的医疗服务在很大程度上是加州法律上处于不利地位的第一代和第1.5代拉丁裔成年人健康状况较差的原因。
Restrictive US immigration laws and law enforcement undermine immigrant health by generating fear and stress, disrupting families and communities, and eroding social and economic wellbeing. The inequality and stress created by immigration law and law enforcement may also generate disparities in health among immigrants with different legal statuses. However, existing research does not find consistent evidence of immigrant legal status disparities in health, possibly because it does not disaggregate immigrants by generation, defined by age at migration. Immigration and life course theory suggest that the health consequences of non-citizen status may be greater among 1.5-generation immigrants, who grew up in the same society that denies them formal membership, than among the 1st generation, who immigrated as adolescents or adults. In this study, we examine whether there are legal status disparities in health within and between the 1st generation and the 1.5 generation of 23,288 Latinx immigrant adults interviewed in the 2005-2017 waves of the California Health Interview Survey. We find evidence of legal status disparities in heart disease within the 1st generation and for high blood pressure and diabetes within the 1.5 generation. Non-citizens have higher rates of poor self-rated health and distress within both generations. Socioeconomic disadvantage and limited access to care largely account for the worse health of legally disadvantaged 1st- and 1.5-generation Latinx adults in California.