Chitosan: A promising polymer for cartilage repair and viscosupplementation
Chitosan: A promising polymer for cartilage repair and viscosupplementation
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DOI：
10.3233/bme-171643
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Henrotin, Yves
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Comblain, Fanny;Rocasalbas, Guillem;Henrotin, Yves
骨关节炎（OA）是一种疼痛，退行性和炎症性疾病，影响整个滑膜关节。如今，没有治愈的方法，药物治疗仅限于缓解症状。需要一种新的有效和安全的治疗方法。粘弹性补充是一个旨在恢复滑液正常流变学特性的过程。在过去的几年里，通常使用透明质酸，但这种分子有一些局限性，包括在关节腔中的停留时间短。近年来，体外研究表明，壳聚糖可促进软骨基质成分的表达，减少软骨细胞产生炎症和分解代谢介质。在体内，壳聚糖可预防OA诱导的兔模型中的软骨降解和滑液膜炎症。几项研究也表明，壳聚糖可以诱导间充质干细胞向软骨细胞分化。因此，壳聚糖是一种有趣的聚合物，用于设计软骨损伤修复、细胞移植、药物缓释和粘弹性补充的支架和水凝胶。
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful, degenerative and inflammatory disease that affects the entire synovial joints. Nowadays, no cure exists, and the pharmacological treatments are limited to symptoms alleviation. There is a need for a new efficient and safe treatment. Viscosupplementation is a process that aims to restore the normal rheological properties of synovial fluid. For the past years, hyaluronic acid was usually used but this molecule has some limitations including the short residency time in joint cavity. Recently, in vitro studies have suggested that chitosan could promote the expression of cartilage matrix components and reduce inflammatory and catabolic mediator's production by chondrocytes. In vivo, chitosan prevented cartilage degradation and synovial membrane inflammation in OA induced rabbit model. Several studies have also shown that chitosan could induce chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Therefore, chitosan is an interesting polymer to design scaffold and hydrogel for cartilage lesion repair, cells transplantation, sustained drug release and viscosupplementation.