Ecosystem Services Monitoring in the Muthurajawela Marsh and Negombo Lagoon, Sri Lanka, for Sustainable Landscape Planning
Ecosystem Services Monitoring in the Muthurajawela Marsh and Negombo Lagoon, Sri Lanka, for Sustainable Landscape Planning
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/su132011463
复制
发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
D. Athukorala;R. Estoque;Y. Murayama;B. Matsushita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Athukorala;R. Estoque;Y. Murayama;B. Matsushita
在这项研究中，我们研究了城市化对自然景观和生态系统服务的Muthurajawela沼泽和尼甘布泻湖（MMNL）位于科隆博大都市区，斯里兰卡的影响，目的是帮助通知可持续的景观和城市规划。MMNL是该国重要的城市湿地生态系统，但一直受到城市化的巨大压力，自然覆盖物（例如，沼泽地和红树林区域）不断地被转换为城市用途（例如，住宅和商业）。在这里，我们估计和评估的生态系统服务价值（ESV）的变化MMNL的土地利用/覆盖（LUC）的变化在过去的二十年（1997-2017）。考虑到两种可能的情景，即一切照旧（BAU）的情况下，生态保护（EP）的情况下，并使用空间显式土地变化模型，我们模拟了未来（2030年）LUC的变化在该地区，并估计潜在的随之而来的未来变化的ESV的MMNL。结果显示，从1997年到2017年，MMNL的ESV减少了896万美元/年（16.42亿卢比/年），约33%，主要是由于城市扩张导致的红树林和沼泽地的损失。在一切照旧的情景下，到2030年，它将继续减少601万美元/年（11.01亿斯里兰卡卢比/年），约34%。在EP情景下，预计减少额将较低，为479万美元/年（8.78亿斯里兰卡卢比/年），约为27%。在MMNL的生态系统服务中，受到影响最大的是洪水衰减，工业废水处理，农业生产以及对下游渔业（鱼类养殖和育苗）的支持。总体而言，在两种方案中，EP方案对MMNL的可持续性更可取。它可以帮助拉平其持续生态退化的曲线;因此，地方政府规划者和决策者应该考虑它。一般来说，所采用的方法是适应性和适用于其他城市湿地生态系统在该国和世界其他地区。
In this study, we examined the impacts of urbanization on the natural landscape and ecosystem services of the Muthurajawela Marsh and Negombo Lagoon (MMNL) located in the Colombo Metropolitan Region, Sri Lanka, with the goal to help inform sustainable landscape and urban planning. The MMNL is an important urban wetland ecosystem in the country but has been under the immense pressure of urbanization where the natural cover (e.g., marshland and mangrove areas) is continuously being converted to urban use (e.g., residential and commercial). Here, we estimated and assessed the changes in the ecosystem service value (ESV) of the MMNL based on land use/cover (LUC) changes over the past two decades (1997–2017). Considering two plausible scenarios, namely a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario and ecological protection (EP) scenario, and using a spatially explicit land change model, we simulated the future (2030) LUC changes in the area and estimated the potential consequent future changes in the ESV of the MMNL. The results revealed that from 1997 to 2017, the ESV of the MMNL decreased by USD 8.96 million/year (LKR 1642 million/year), or about 33%, primarily due to the loss of mangrove and marshland from urban expansion. Under a BAU scenario, by 2030, it would continue to decrease by USD 6.01 million/year (LKR 1101 million/year), or about 34%. Under an EP scenario, the projected decrease would be lower at USD 4.79 million/year (LKR 878 million/year), or about 27%. Among the ecosystem services of the MMNL that have been, and would be, affected the most are flood attenuation, industrial wastewater treatment, agriculture production, and support to downstream fisheries (fish breeding and nursery). Overall, between the two scenarios, the EP scenario is the more desirable for the sustainability of the MMNL. It can help flatten its curve of continuous ecological degradation; hence, it should be considered by local government planners and decision-makers. In general, the approach employed is adaptable and applicable to other urban wetland ecosystems in the country and the rest of the world.