Exploring solar-terrestrial interactions via multiple imaging observers-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1007/s10686-021-09784-y

发表时间：

2021-08

期刊：

Experimental Astronomy

影响因子：

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

物理与天体物理4区

文献类型：

作者：

G. Branduardi‐Raymont;Matthieu Berthomier;Y. Bogdanova;J. Carter;M. R. Collier;A. Dimmock;Malcolm Dunlop;R. Fear;C. Forsyth;B. Hubert;E. Kronberg;K. Laundal;Mark Lester;S. Milan;K. Oksavik;N. Østgaard;M. Palmroth;F. Plaschke;F. Porter;I. J. Rae;A. Read;A. Samsonov;S. Sembay;Y. Shprits;D. Sibeck;Brian M. Walsh;M. Yamauchi

太阳风能量如何流经地球的磁层，它是如何转换和分配的？是我们想要解决的问题。我们需要了解地磁暴和亚暴是如何开始和发展的，这不仅是出于科学好奇心，而且是为了解决一个明确而紧迫的实际问题：空间天气，它可能影响我们在空间和地面的技术系统的性能和可靠性，并可能危及人类生命和健康。在过去几十年中，特别是通过利用多个航天器测量现场条件，已经获得了许多知识，但空间天气预报的初期阶段表明，我们仍有大量的学习工作要做。一些正在开发中的空间成像任务正在采取一种新的全球方法，其探索的第一批诱人结果将在未来十年内公布。在这份为响应2050年航行呼吁而提交给欧空局的白色文件中，我们提出了寻求完全理解太阳如何控制地球等离子体环境的下一步：断层成像方法，包括在高度倾斜的极轨道上的两个航天器，能够在软X射线中对磁层顶和尖点进行全球成像，在FUV中对极光区进行全球成像，在EUV和ENA（高能中性原子）等离子体激发和环电流，以及现场测量。这一使命涵盖了决定地球空间条件的各种物理过程，对于在科学上解决日地相互作用问题至关重要。

How does solar wind energy flow through the Earth’s magnetosphere, how is it converted and distributed?is the question we want to address. We need to understand how geomagnetic storms and substorms start and grow, not just as a matter of scientific curiosity, but to address a clear and pressing practical problem: space weather, which can influence the performance and reliability of our technological systems, in space and on the ground, and can endanger human life and health. Much knowledge has already been acquired over the past decades, particularly by making use of multiple spacecraft measuring conditions in situ, but the infant stage of space weather forecasting demonstrates that we still have a vast amount of learning to do. A novel global approach is now being taken by a number of space imaging missions which are under development and the first tantalising results of their exploration will be available in the next decade. In this White Paper, submitted to ESA in response to the Voyage 2050 Call, we propose the next step in the quest for a complete understanding of how the Sun controls the Earth’s plasma environment: a tomographic imaging approach comprising two spacecraft in highly inclined polar orbits, enabling global imaging of magnetopause and cusps in soft X-rays, of auroral regions in FUV, of plasmasphere and ring current in EUV and ENA (Energetic Neutral Atoms), alongside in situ measurements. Such a mission, encompassing the variety of physical processes determining the conditions of geospace, will be crucial on the way to achieving scientific closure on the question of solar-terrestrial interactions.

Exploring solar-terrestrial interactions via multiple imaging observers

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