Association between COVID-19 infection rates by region and implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions: a cross-sectional study in Japan
Association between COVID-19 infection rates by region and implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions: a cross-sectional study in Japan
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DOI：
10.1093/pubmed/fdab385
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发表时间：
2021-12-06
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Fujino, Yoshihisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anan, Tomomi;Ishimaru, Tomohiro;Fujino, Yoshihisa
在大流行期间，非药物干预（NPI）在保护自己和他人免受感染方面发挥着重要作用。日本的COVID-19感染率存在很大的地区差异。我们假设局部感染的发生率可能会影响个体NPI的依从性。方法这项横断面研究于2020年12月在日本的全职工作者中在线进行。调查问卷要求受访者确定他们对七种常见NPI的习惯（戴口罩，洗手后洗手，进入室内时消毒双手，回家时漱口，房间通风，接触经常接触的表面后消毒或洗手，外出时携带酒精消毒剂）。结果共调查27 036人。与感染率最低的地区相比，7个NPI中有5个显示出跨地区感染水平的统计学显著趋势，两个例外是戴口罩和洗手后洗手。多元调整并没有改变这些趋势。结论本研究发现，在日本工人中COVID-19发病率较高的地区，NPI更为普遍。研究结果表明，NPI的实施不仅受到个人属性的影响，而且还受到当地感染水平的背景效应的影响。
Background During a pandemic, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) play an important role in protecting oneself and others from infection. There are large regional differences in COVID-19 infection rates in Japan. We hypothesized that the local infection incidence may affect adherence to individual NPIs. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted online among full-time workers in Japan in December 2020. The questionnaire asked the respondents to identify their habits regarding seven common NPIs (wearing masks, washing hands after the bathroom, disinfecting hands when entering indoors, gargling when returning home, ventilating the room, disinfecting or washing hands after touching frequently touched surfaces, carrying alcohol sanitizers when outdoors). Results A total of 27 036 participants were analyzed. Compared with the region with the lowest infection rate, five of the seven NPIs showed statistically significant trends across regional infection levels, the two exceptions being wearing masks and washing hands after the bathroom. Multivariate adjustment did not change these trends. Conclusions This study found that NPIs were more prevalent in regions with higher incidence rates of COVID-19 in Japanese workers. The findings suggest that the implementation of NPIs was influenced not only by personal attributes but also by contextual effects of the local infection level.