Adequacy of Web-Based Activities as a Substitute for In-Person Activities for Older Persons During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Survey Study.
Adequacy of Web-Based Activities as a Substitute for In-Person Activities for Older Persons During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Survey Study.
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DOI：
10.2196/25848
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发表时间：
2021-01-22
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Lev-Ari S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen-Mansfield J;Muff A;Meschiany G;Lev-Ari S
老年中心和其他类型的俱乐部为老年人提供活动，以解决无聊，社会孤立和孤独。由于COVID-19疫情，大部分该等活动已取消。作为替代办法，提供了范围有限的网络活动。然而，这些基于网络的小组活动对老年人的有效性几乎没有研究。我们的目的是了解在何种程度上基于网络的活动，为老年人提供了足够的替代人的活动。在这项电话调查中，我们采访了以色列的105名老年人，他们在常规活动因COVID-19大流行而关闭后，有机会参加基于网络的活动。在全部样本中，49/105（46.7%）人参加了活动，56/105（53.3%）人没有参加。我们询问了受访者的背景特征、对活动的满意度以及参与或不参与的原因。参与网上活动的受访者往往对至少其中一些活动非常满意。他们认为从活动内容中获得的乐趣是最重要的动力，其次是保持日常生活，享受团体和他人的存在。超过50%的参与者（28/49，57%）希望在COVID-19疫情结束后继续进行练习计划，41%（20/49）希望继续进行网络讲座。参与者比非参与者更有可能报告参与替代活动（P=.04）。非参与者引用的最常见原因是不知道基于网络的程序（24/56，43%），尽管通知已发送到整个样本，对内容缺乏兴趣（18/56，32%）和技术问题（13/56，23%），如不拥有或无法完全使用计算机。参与者和非参与者都对广泛的主题感兴趣，许多人对他们希望访问的主题非常挑剔。大约一半的人表示愿意为获得服务付费;愿意付费的人往往受教育年限更长（P=.03）。我们的研究结果表明，需要基于网络的活动来对抗无聊和孤立感。影响在线活动的使用、效力和可持续性的主要因素是访问、动机和满足需求的因素，以及活动是否充分适合个人的偏好和能力。替代面对面服务的挑战是促进目前尚未充分纳入大多数网络计划的社交关系，容纳更广泛的主题，以及增加现有计划对老年人的可及性，特别是在COVID-19大流行期间和之后的居家老人。
Senior centers and other types of clubs provide activities for older adults to address boredom, social isolation, and loneliness. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, most of these activities have been cancelled. A limited range of web-based activities have been offered as alternatives. However, the effectiveness of these web-based group activities for older adults has scarcely been researched. We aimed to understand the extent to which web-based activities for older adults provide an adequate substitute for in-person activities. In this telephone survey, we interviewed 105 older adults in Israel who had been offered the opportunity to participate in web-based activities after routine activities closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Of the total sample, 49/105 (46.7%) participated in the activities and 56/105 (53.3%) did not. We inquired about the respondents’ background characteristics, satisfaction with the activities, and reasons for participation or nonparticipation. The respondents who participated in the web-based activities tended to be highly satisfied with at least some of them. They rated the enjoyment derived from the content of the activity as the most important motivator, followed by maintaining a routine and by enjoying the group and the presence of others. Over 50% of the participants (28/49, 57%) wished to continue with the exercise programming after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic, and 41% (20/49) wished to continue with the web-based lectures. Participants were more likely to report partaking in alternative activities than nonparticipants (P=.04). The most common reasons cited by nonparticipants were being unaware of the web-based program (24/56, 43%) despite a notification having been sent to the entire sample, lack of interest in the content (18/56, 32%), and technical issues (13/56, 23%), such as not owning or being able to fully use a computer. Both participants and nonparticipants were interested in a wide range of topics, with many being very particular about the topics they wished to access. Approximately half expressed willingness to pay for access; those who were willing to pay tended to have more years of education (P=.03). Our findings suggest a need for web-based activities for countering boredom and feelings of isolation. The main factors that influence the use, efficacy, and sustainability of online activities are access, motivational and need-fulfilling factors, and whether the activities are sufficiently tailored to individuals’ preferences and abilities. Challenges in substituting in-person services are promoting social relationships that are currently not sufficiently incorporated into most web-based programs, accommodating a wider range of topics, and increasing the accessibility of current programs to older adults, especially those who are homebound, both during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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