Molecular manipulation of microstructures: Biomaterials, ceramics, and semiconductors
Molecular manipulation of microstructures: Biomaterials, ceramics, and semiconductors
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DOI：
10.1126/science.277.5330.1242
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发表时间：
1997-08-29
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Braun, PV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stupp, SI;Braun, PV
有机分子可以改变无机微结构，为新型材料的设计提供了一个非常强大的工具。在生物系统中，这种工具通常用于创建有机操纵器是少数组件的微结构。三组材料-生物材料，陶瓷和生物陶瓷-已被选定来说明这一概念所使用的性质和合成实验室探索其在材料技术的潜力。在一些自然界的生物材料中，大分子如蛋白质、糖蛋白和多糖被用于控制矿物相的成核和生长，从而操纵微观结构和物理性质。这一概念已被综合用于生成可用作人类人工骨的磷灰石基材料。合成聚合物和表面活性剂还可以彻底改变陶瓷颗粒的形态，赋予新的功能特性，并为有用物体的形成提供新的加工方法。在创造半导体材料方面也存在有趣的机会，其中分子操纵器连接量子点或模板腔，从而改变它们的电子特性和功能。
Organic molecules can alter inorganic microstructures, offering a very powerful tool for the design of novel materials. In biological systems, this tool is often used to create microstructures in which the organic manipulators are a minority component. Three groups of materials-biomaterials, ceramics, and semiconductors-have been selected to illustrate this concept as used by nature and by synthetic laboratories exploring its potential in materials technology. In some of nature's biomaterials, macromolecules such as proteins, glycoproteins, and polysaccharides are used to control nucleation and growth of mineral phases and thus manipulate microstructure and physical properties. This concept has been used synthetically to generate apatite-based materials that can function as artificial bone in humans. Synthetic polymers and surfactants can also drastically change the morphology of ceramic particles, impart new functional properties, and provide new processing methods for the formation of useful objects. Interesting opportunities also exist in creating semiconducting materials in which molecular manipulators connect quantum dots or template cavities, which change their electronic properties and functionality.