THE DORSAL THALAMUS OF JAWED VERTEBRATES - A COMPARATIVE VIEWPOINT
THE DORSAL THALAMUS OF JAWED VERTEBRATES - A COMPARATIVE VIEWPOINT
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DOI：
10.1159/000113275
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发表时间：
1995-10-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
BUTLER, AB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BUTLER, AB
在无尾类动物中，背侧丘脑包括：（1）尾侧区，即胶丘脑，其主要接收来自中脑顶的输入，并向同侧端脑投射，主要投射到纹状体;和（2）吻侧区，即丘丘脑，其主要接收直接视网膜（丘系）输入，并向两侧端脑投射，主要投射到腭。在黑猩猩中，丘脑胶核中继视觉，听觉和体感多感觉输入从中脑顶到同侧端脑，终止于纹状体和腭。例如，哺乳动物的丘脑视核由LP-枕复合体组成，而爬行动物、鸟类和乌龟的圆形核则由LP-枕复合体组成。在黑猩猩中，后者的核团是彼此同源的离散核团，如丘脑听觉核团和丘脑躯体感觉-多感觉核团。Lemnothalamic核（和核组）在Alzabotes主要（和/或plesiomorphically）接收丘系输入;一些项目的端脑双边，和大多数，在对比collothalamic核，不项目纹状体。在哺乳动物中，丘丘脑核包括前、中、板内、腹侧核群和膝状体背外侧核中的大多数。在双壳类爬行动物中，它们包括背内侧和背外侧前核和背外侧视核;鸟类和海龟中也有类似的核，鸟类还具有离散的体感丘系中继核。在每个放射线中的这些丘丘脑核作为场与丘丘脑同源（即，前核）。背侧丘脑的这两个部分在共同的祖先的背侧丘脑种群中都有一定程度的发育。对湖丘脑的进一步详细阐述是哺乳动物祖先的特征，可能是早期哺乳动物进化的关键事件之一。鸟类在较小的程度上独立地发展了丘丘脑。
In anamniotes, the dorsal thalamus comprises: (1) a caudal division, the collothalamus, which receives its predominant input from the midbrain roof and projects ipsilaterally to the telencephalon, predominantly to the striatum, and (2) a rostral division, the lemnothalamus, which predominantly receives a direct retinal (lemniscal) input and projects bilaterally to the telencephalon, predominantly to the pallium. In amniotes, collothalamic nuclei relay visual, auditory, and somatosensory-multisensory inputs from the midbrain roof to the ipsilateral telencephalon, terminating in both striatum and pallium. For example, the collothalamic visual nuclei consist of the LP-pulvinar complex in mammals and nucleus rotundus in diapsid reptiles, birds, and turtles. Among amniotes, the latter nuclei are homologous to each other as discrete nuclei, as are the collothalamic auditory and collothalamic somatosensory-multisensory nuclei. Lemnothalamic nuclei (and nuclear groups) in amniotes predominantly (and/or plesiomorphically) receive lemniscal inputs; some project to the telencephalon bilaterally, and most, in contrast to collothalamic nuclei, do not project to the striatum. In mammals, the lemnothalamic nuclei include most of those in the anterior, medial, intralaminar, and ventral nuclear groups and the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. In diapsid reptiles, they include the dorsomedial and dorsolateral anterior nuclei and the dorsal lateral optic nucleus; comparable nuclei are present in birds and turtles, with birds additionally having a discrete somatosensory lemniscal relay nucleus. These lemnothalamic nuclei in each amniote radiation are homologous as a field to the lemnothalamus (i.e., nucleus anterior) in anamniotes. Both divisions of the dorsal thalamus were elaborated to some degree in the common ancestral amniote stock. A further major elaboration of the lemnothalamus characterized the ancestral stock of mammals and may have been one of the key events in early mammalian evolution. Birds have independently, to a lesser degree, elaborated the lemnothalamus.