Mapping the future of environmental health and nursing: strategies for integrating national competencies into nursing practice.
Mapping the future of environmental health and nursing: strategies for integrating national competencies into nursing practice.
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规划环境健康和护理的未来：将国家能力融入护理实践的策略。
DOI：
10.1046/j.1525-1446.2002.19410.x
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Butterfield,Patricia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Larsson,LauraS;Butterfield,Patricia
护士越来越多地成为关注与其环境有关的健康问题的客户的主要联系人。为了满足环境健康领域对护理专业知识的需求，医学研究所（IOM）、有毒物质和疾病登记局（ATSDR）和国家护理研究所（NINR）为护理专业设计了核心能力。移徙组织的能力集中在四个领域：（1）知识和概念;（2）评估和转介;宣传、道德和风险沟通;（4）立法和监管。这些能力建立了知识和意识的基线，以使护士预防和尽量减少与暴露于环境因子相关的健康问题。为了解决已知的困难，将新的优先事项纳入既定的做法，参加环境健康短期课程的护士参加了一个名义上的小组过程中，重点关注的问题，“我们可以采取什么具体行动，使环境健康纳入护理实践的主流？”这项工作的目的是使参与直接提供护理的护士认识到国家倡议（移徙组织、国家营养研究所、美国毒物和疾病登记署）的概念。结果包括38个行动项目护士确定为提高认识和利用环境卫生原则。排名前五的想法是：（1）获得环境健康列为本科护理教育的要求或能力;（2）改善与跨部门人员的工作关系-团队方法;（3）战略性地将学生放在重要的组织中，如NIOSH，ATSDR或CDC;（4）教育护士教育工作者;（5）创建护理环境健康奖。38个原始想法也被重新组织成一个五层的概念模型。这个模式的概念包括：（1）发展伙伴关系;（2）加强出版;（3）加强持续教育;（4）更新护理实践;和（5）加强护理学校。该模型作为一个路线图，在主流护理环境卫生能力建设的行动。
Nurses are increasingly the primary contact for clients concerned about health problems related to their environment. In response to the need for nursing expertise in the field of environmental health, the Institute of Medicine (IOM), Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), and National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) have designed core competencies for the nursing profession. The IOM competencies focus on four areas:(1) knowledge and concepts; (2) assessment and referral; advocacy, ethics, and risk communication; and (4) legislation and regulation. The competencies establish a baseline of knowledge and awareness in order for nurses to prevent and minimize health problems associated with exposure to environmental agents. To address the known difficulties of incorporating new priorities into established practice, nurses attending an environmental health short course participated in a nominal group process focusing on the question, “What specific actions can we take to bring environmental health into the mainstream of nursing practice?” This exercise was designed to bring the concepts of the national initiatives (IOM, NINR, ATSDR) to the awareness of individual nurses involved in the direct delivery of care. Results include 38 action items nurses identified as improving awareness and utilization of environmental health principles. The top five ideas were: (1) get environmental health listed as a requirement or competency in undergraduate nursing education; (2) improve working relationships with interdepartmental persons—a team approach; (3) strategically place students in essential organizations such as NIOSH, ATSDR, or CDC; (4) educate nurse educators; and (5) create environmental health awards in nursing. The 38 original ideas were also reorganized into a five‐tiered conceptual model. The concepts of this model include: (1) developing partnerships; (2) strengthening publications; (3) enhancing continuing education; (4) updating nursing practice; and (5) strengthening schools of nursing. The model serves as a road map for action in building environmental health capacity within mainstream nursing.